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目的：探讨脑电图检查对新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病早期诊断及预后判断的临床意价值。方法：本研究所选研究对象为我院 2011 年3 月至2014年3 月住院的91例出生后一天内的窒息新生儿，对其行脑电图检查，根据脑电图的检查结果将其分为四组，分别为正常组、轻度异常组、中度异常组、重度异常组。对上述四组患儿进行随访，时间点为出生后3 个月、6 个月，采用婴幼儿发育量表对患儿的智能发育进行测评，对各组智能发育的差异进行比较。结果：(1)91 例患儿中，脑电图异常的有83 例，异常率为 91.21%，脑电图的异常程度与临床分度基本一致；(2)对患儿随访至3 个月时，轻度、中度、重度异常组患儿的智力发育指数与运动发育指数的平均值与正常组患儿相比，具有显著差异(P<0.05)；(3)对患儿随访至6 个月时，轻度异常组患儿的智力发育指数与运动发育指数的平均值与正常组患儿相比，无显著差异(P>0.05)。中度、重度异常组患儿的智力发育指数与运动发育指数的平均值与正常组患儿相比，具有显著差异(P<0.05)。结论：早期脑电图检查结果对新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病的早期诊断有利，为临床上早期干预提供了重要的参考依据。

英文摘要:

Objective:To investigate the clinical significance of electroencephalogram examination in early diagnosis and prognosis of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy.Methods:91 cases of neonatal asphyxia in our hospital from March 2011 to March 2014 were selected. According to the results of electroencephalogram examination, the patients were divided into four groups and they were followed up for 3 months and 6 months after birth. The intelligence development of infants was evaluated by using the infant development scale.Results:(1) In 91 cases, the electroencephalogram showed abnormal was 83 cases and the abnormal rate was 91.21%. The abnormal degree of electroencephalogramwas consistent with the clinical index. (2)After followed up 3 months, compared with the normal group, the average values of mental and motor development index between the mild, moderate and severe abnormal groups were showed significant difference (P<0.05). (3)After followed up 6 months, the average values of mental and motor development index between mild group and normal group had no significantly different (P>0.05). The average values of mental and motor development index in children with moderate and severe abnormal group were significantly different from that of normal group (P<0.05).Conclusion:Electroencephalogram examination is beneficial to early diagnosis of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, which provides an important reference for early intervention.

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