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目的：明确与父母分离焦虑在不同年龄段小儿的发生率，并探讨术前口服咪达唑仑对减轻患儿术前焦虑的效果。方法：募集 442 例年龄<12 岁的非心脏手术患儿，分为咪达唑仑组和对照组，每组再按照年龄分为五个年龄段。咪达唑仑组患儿术前30 分钟给予0.5 mg/kg咪达唑仑口服；对照组则未予任何制剂。观察并比较不同年龄段患儿入手术室与家长分离时的情况。结果：药物组分离焦虑发生率显著低于对照组。在各年龄组中，8 个月到3岁的婴幼儿是发生分离焦虑比例最高的年龄段。对照组分离焦虑的发生率为16.94%，研究组为8%，较对照组有显著下降(P < 0.05)。此外，研究组小于8 个月和3-5 岁组患儿发生分离焦虑的比例也均较未用药组有显著下降(P <0.05)。结论：分离焦虑与患儿年龄相关，低龄患儿在手术前有明显的分离焦虑，术前30 分钟口服咪达唑仑0.5 mg/kg能显著改善分离时的焦虑，但不能完全消除。

英文摘要:

Objective:Our aim of this study is to investigate the incidence of dissociative anxiety in children and to analyse the effect of oral midazolamin facilitating separation fromparents.Methods:A total of 442 children (aged <12 years) undergoing noncardiac surgery were involved in the study. They were divided into two groups, Midazolam Group (Mgroup) and Control group (C group). In each group, children were divided into 5 categories according to the age. Oral midazolam 0.5mg/kg was given to the children inMgroup 30 minutes before anesthesia. Children in C group were given nothing. To observe and compare the behavioral manifestation when the children were separated from their parents.Results:The infants aged from 8 months to 3 years have most difficulties in separation from parents in all age categories. In all the children, dissociative anxiety occurs in 16.94%children ofC group and 8%ofMgroup. Moreover, the incidence of dissociative anxiety is significantly decreasing among the children aged <8 months and aged from 3 to 5 years in M group (P < 0.05).Conclusion:Dissociative anxiety is very common in older infants and younger children undergoing surgery. The incidents is significantly related with age. Oral midazolam0.5 mg/kg 30 minutes before separation is effective on decreasing dissociative anxiety, but never eliminating it.

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