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目的：观察电针预处理对脑缺血再灌注后小胶质细胞活化状态的影响。方法：成年雄性SD 大鼠随机分为假手术组（sham）、缺血组（MCAO）、电针处理组（EA+MCAO）三组。采用大脑中动脉栓塞（MCAO)诱导大鼠局灶性脑缺血再灌注模型。缺血再灌注后6 h、24 h、3 d和7 d取材，运用Western blot及免疫荧光技术检测缺血半暗带小胶质细胞活化状态以及M1/M2 型特异性标志分子的表达水平。结果：脑缺血再灌注后，小胶质细胞被激活，数量表达增加(P<0.05，vs. sham 组)，形态从静息状态的分支状转变为圆形的阿米巴状。M1 型标志分子iNOS 主要表达于缺血再灌注后24 小时(P<0.05，vs. sham 组)，M2 型标志分子Arginase 主要表达于缺血再灌注后7 天(P<0.05，vs. sham组)。电针预处理上调Arginase 的表达水平，下调iNOS的表达水平(P<0.05，vs. MCAO 组)。结论：缺血再灌注后小胶质细胞被激活，电针预处理促使活化的小胶质细胞由M1 向M2 转化。

英文摘要:

Objective:To observe the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) pretreatment on the state of microglial activation after cerebral ischemia and reperfusion in rat.Methods:Adult male SD rats were divided into 3 groups: sham, MCAO, and EA+MCAO. Cerebral ischemic injury was induced by transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). The morphology of microglia was demonstrated by immunofluorescent confocal images. The expression of M1/M2 phenotypes of microglia in the cerebral ischemic penumbra was analyzed by Western blot.Results:After reperfusion, the microglia was activated. The expression of microglial marker Iba-1 in I/R group was increased (P<0.05,vs.sham). The morphology of microglia shifted from the ramified to the rounded amoeboid-like appearance. Quantitative analysis showed the peak expression of M1 phenotype marker iNOS occurred at 24 hour after reperfusion (P<0.05，vs.sham), while the marker of M2 microglia Arginase maximized at 7 days after reperfusion (P<0.05，vs.sham). Electroacupuncture pretreatment increased the expression of Arginase and decreased the expression of iNOS (P<0.05,vs.MCAO).Conclusion:After ischemia and reperfusion, the microglia was activated. Electroacupuncture pretreatment made the activated microglia shift fromM1 to M2 phenotype.

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