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目的：探讨同时应用窝沟封闭和涂氟预防干预乳磨牙预防龋齿的效果，为学龄前儿童乳磨牙龋齿的预防提供新的干预措施。方法：通过Cariostat法对150 名学龄前儿童乳磨牙进行龋蚀活跃性试验，将其分为龋活跃高危人群和低危人群，检查其乳磨牙患龋情况，计算龋均。随机抽取30 名龋活跃高危人群儿童做为实验组1，30 名龋活跃低危人群儿童做实验组2，应用窝沟封闭和多乐氟护齿剂同时对乳磨牙进行龋病预防干预；同时抽取30 名龋活跃低危人群做对照组应用多乐氟护齿剂对乳磨牙进行龋病预防干预，于干预后6、12、18 个月计算龋病发病率。结果：龋活跃高危人群和低危人群的患龋率分别为68.75%、28.6%，两组比较有显著性差异(P<0.05)。干预后6 个月时，实验组1、实验组2、对照组龋病发病率分别为12.3%、11.6%、13.1%，三组比较无显著性差异(P>0.05)；12个月时，龋病发病率分别为12.4%、11.8%、23.2%，实验组1、实验组2 比较无显著性差异(P>0.05)，实验组1、实验组2 均显著低于对照组，有显著性差异(P<0.05)；18 个月时，龋病发病率分别为13.2 %、12.9 %、29.3 %，实验组1、实验组2 均显著低于对照组，有显著性差异(P<0.05)，但实验组1、实验组2 比较无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论：同时应用窝沟封闭和涂氟对乳磨牙可以有效防龋，降低学龄前儿童的龋发病率。

英文摘要:

Objective:To study the application of pit and fissure sealant plus fluoride in the prevention of deciduous molar caries, and provide a new method for the prevention of dental caries in deciduous molars of preschool children.Methods:150 cases of preschool children were divided into caries active high-risk and low-risk populations according to the results of molars caries activity test detected by cariostat method. The pri-mary molars caries was examined and the DMFT was calculated. 30 children with high risk of caries activity were randomly selected as experimental group 1, 30 children with low risk of caries activity were randomly selected as experimental group 2, pit and fissure sealant plus fluoride protecting agent were used at the same time for the prevention of caries in primary molar teeth. 30 children with low risk of caries activity were selected as control group and only treated by fluoride protecting agent. The morbidity of caries were calculated 6, 12, and 18 months after intervention.Results:The caries prevalence rates of children with high risk of caries activity and with low risk of caries activity were respectivly 68.75%, 28.6%(P<0.05). 6 months after intervention, the caries prevalence rates of experimental group 1, 2 and control group were respectivly 12.3% 、11.6% 、13.1%(P>0.05);12 months after intervention, the caries prevalence rates were respectivly 12.4%, 11.8%, and 23.2. No significant difference was found between the two experimental groups (P>0.05), but they were all significantly lower than that of the control group (P<0.05); 18 months after intervention, the caries prevalence rates were respectivly 13.2%, 12.9%, and 29.3%. No significant difference was found betweenthe two experimental groups(P>0.05), but they were all significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:The combined application of pit and fissure sealant plus fluoride could effectively prevent primary molars, and lower the caries prevalence rates in preschool children.

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