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苦龙胆酯苷是一种裂环烯醚萜苷类化合物，又称为苦龙苷或龙胆苦酯苷。其分子式为：C27H28O14，分子量为576.52，是已知最苦的裂环烯醚萜苷类化合物。目前已证明可从川东獐牙菜、印度獐牙菜、龙胆草以及辐花肋柱花中提取。辐花肋柱花是最新证明的可提取苦龙胆酯苷的植物。苦龙胆酯苷具有助消化，保肝，抗皮肤肿瘤，抗黑热病等药理活性。在古代印度传统医药以及中药藏药中，苦龙胆酯苷的来源植物是治疗消化系统相关疾病的一味常见的草药，如保肝、抗糖尿病等。在体内药代动力学研究中，兔静脉注射苦龙胆酯苷，在血中有较快的清除率（2.62± 0.41 L/h/kg）和广泛的体内组织分布（1.08± 0.44 L/kg）；采用游离、脂质体和囊泡体形式给仓鼠用药具有明显保护肝肾功能且未发现明显不良反应。

英文摘要:

Amarogentin identifies as a secoiridoid glycoside composition. Its formula is C27H28O14 and its molecular weight is 576.52. Amarogentin is the most intensely bitter secoiridoid glycoside composition as far as we know. It can be extracted from Swertia davidi Franeh, Swertia chirata,Buch.-Ham, Gentiana lutea L and Lomatogonium rotatum. Among these medical plants Lomatogonium rotatum is the newest one, which is identified containing amarogentin. Amarogentin has been traditionally used for centuries mainly as digestive aid as well as protecting from hepatic injury and also been used for treatment of skin tumor by topical application and for therapy of leishmaniasis. In Ayurveda, Unani, Siddha, Tibetan, and Chinese traditional medicines, the medical plants, which is identified containing amarogentin, are the main ingredient in many herbal preparations to treat the diseases in digestive system, such as protecting from hepatic injury or anti-diabetic. The in vivo pharmacokinetic study shows that amarogentin exhibits a rapid clearance（2.62± 0.41 L/h/kg）and wide distribution（1.08± 0.44 L/kg）after intravenous administration in rabbits; in hamster experimental leishmaniasis model, amarogentin is effective to protect liver and kidney function with no toxicity, in both liposomal and niosomal forms as well as its free form.

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