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目的：探讨结肠息肉镜下特征、病理类型及血清学特点与癌变的相关性。方法：收集我院 2011 年 6 月～ 2013 年 6 月肠镜证实的 640 名结肠息肉患者资料。对年龄、性别、息肉特征（部位、大小、数量、分型、病理等）分析,并将息肉者癌胚抗原与健康人比较。结果：检出息肉 11 44 枚；年龄在 41 岁～ 60 岁的占 52.9%；发生在乙状结肠和直肠的占 47.3％；多发及多部位息肉比例为 56.9%和 46.9%；腺瘤样息肉占 87%；随年龄、息肉体积增加,癌变率增加；无蒂息肉癌变率高于有蒂息肉；两组血清癌胚抗原值差异有统计学意义。结论：结肠息肉多发生在乙状结肠和直肠；以腺瘤息肉为主；癌变与年龄、腺瘤大小、形态、病理类型有关。癌胚抗原可能在腺瘤样息肉的筛查及监测癌变存在意义。

英文摘要:

Objective:To study the enteroscopic characteristics, pathological type as well as serological characteristics of colorectal polyps and to analyze their association with Cancerization.Methods:The datas of 640 patients with colorectal polyps were collected, all the patients were diagnosed by colonoscopy and pathological evidence in our hospital from June 201 1 to June 2013. The age, sex, and the characteristics of the polyp (1ocation, size, number, classification and pathological type etc) were analyzed. The carcinoembryonic antigen detection were retrospectively studied in 640 patients with colorectal polyp and 200 healthy people as the control group, the data were statistically analyzed.Results:11 44 polyps were founnd in 640 patients by colonoscopy. The age of 52.9% of the patients was ranged from 41 to 60 years 47.3% of polyps were located in sigmoid colon and rectum. The rate of multiple polyps and multiple sites simultaneously violation polyps were 56.9% and 46.9%. In all the 11 44 polys, adenomatous polyps were 996 (87%). The larger the diameters the higher the chance for Cancerization of the polyps; the older age, the higher the chance for Cancerization of the polyps. The chance for Cancerization in sessile polyps is higher than pedunculated polyps. There were significant difference of the Carcinoembryonic antigen values between patients with colorectal polyp and Healthy people.Conclusion:Colorectal polypus occurred more often in middle aged people (41 -60 years). The lesions revealed by colonoscopy were mainly located in rectum and sigmoid colon. The Proportion of multiple polyps and multiple sites simultaneously violation polyps increase. The major pathological type is adenoma. The likelihood of Cancerization of colorectal polyps seemed to be correlated with the age, size, appearance and pathological type. Carcinoembryonic antigen may be valuable in screening the adenomatous polyps and to monitoring the early colorectal cancerization.

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