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Synucleins 家族是一种主要在神经元内表达的高度可溶性的蛋白家族。已知synucleins 家族有3 个成员alpha- synuclein （SNCA），beta- synuclein (SNCB)和gamma-synuclein (SNCG)。其中SNCA与SNCB 参与神经递质释放过程，被认为与神经退行性变疾病密切相关，特别是在阿尔茨海默病与帕金森病中常有异常表达。近年来研究表明，SNCG 在人类许多肿瘤中过表达，如乳腺癌、结直肠癌、女性生殖系统肿瘤、前列腺癌、膀胱癌等。通过研究表明Gamma- Synucleins 异常表达机制目前包括DNA甲基化、激动蛋白-1 激活、对转录因子SP1 结合位点、有丝分裂检验点基因、雌激素受体影响。通过以上机制，SNCG促进上述肿瘤细胞的增殖、抑制肿瘤细胞的凋亡以及促进肿瘤细胞的转移。根据文献分析，我们提出SNCG 可作为多种肿瘤预后的潜在指标的可能，同时以 SNCG 为切入点，探讨神经系统是否可以对肿瘤发生、发展的影响作用。

英文摘要:

Synuclein is a family of highly soluble proteins expressed mainly in neurons, including alpha- synuclein, beta-synuclein and gamma-synuclein. The first two proteins involved in the process of neurotransmitter release, which were associated with neurodegenerative diseases especially in alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. Overexpression of gamma- Synuclein is associated with several kinds of tumors, such as breast cancer, colorectal cancer, the female genital tumors, prostate cancer, bladder cancer, etc. There are several mechanisms in abnormal expressions of gamma-Synuclein, including DNA methylation, activated activator protein 1, influence of transcription factors SP1, mitotic checkpoint gene and estrogen receptor. So gamma-Synuclein plays a important role in carcinogenesis through increasing cell growth, decreasing apoptosis and promoting cell metastasis. According to collected literatures, we hypothesized that SNCG is a potential biomarker used as indicating prognosis of tumors. Meanwhile, we can discuss if nervous system can impact on the tumor formation and tumor progression fromperspective of SNCG.

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