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脉管系统的结构，维护及重塑的精确调节对于血管的正常发育，组织损伤的应答和肿瘤的生长都是必不可少的。最近，越来越多的研究报道了非编码的RNAs，又叫做microRNAs 调节内皮细胞对血管原刺激的应答反应。在体内，维持血管内皮细胞和血管的完整性方面miR-126 是一种重要的血管生成信号调节因子。miR-126 通过负性调控血管生长因子促进血管发生反应，这些血管因子包括血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）和碱性成纤维细胞生长因子（bFGF）。因此，miR-126 表达的靶向作用也许对于血管过多或缺乏引起的相关疾病开辟了一种新的治疗方法，这些发现也证实了单一miRNA 能够调节血管的完整性及血管生成，为调整血管的形态和功能提供了一个新的靶点。本文就当前miR-126 对血管的调节及分子机制进行综述。

英文摘要:

Precise regulation of the formation, maintenance, and remodeling of the vasculature is required for normal development, tissue response to injury, and tumor progression. Recently，more and more researchers reported that the response of the vascular endothelium to angiogenic stimuli is modulated by noncoding RNAs called microRNAs. miR-126 is a key regulator of angiogenic signaling in endothelial cells and of vascular integrity in vivo. miR-126 promotes angiogenesis in response to angiogenic growth factors, such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) or basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), by repressing negative regulators of signal transduction pathways. Thus, targeting the expression of miR-126 may be a novel therapeutic approach for diseases involving excess or insufficient vasculature. These findings illustrate that a single miRNA can regulate vascular integrity and angiogenesis, providing a new target for modulating vascular formation and function. We will summarize the current knowledge of molecular mechanisms of miR-126 regulate vascular.

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