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吴茱萸碱是芸香科植物吴茱萸、石虎和疏毛吴茱萸的干燥近成熟果实中的主要生物碱成分，具有多种药理作用。吴茱萸碱能抑制多种肿瘤细胞增殖，通过caspase 或其他调控因素诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡坏死；抑制肿瘤细胞血管生成，阻止肿瘤细胞迁移和侵袭。通过CGRP的释放产生正性肌力、防止心脏过敏性反应的作用；降低醛固酮的分泌影响血压；部分内皮依赖性舒张血管。改善阿尔茨海默症学习记忆能力，影响内分泌系统多种激素的释放分泌，并且具有减肥、降血糖、抗炎、镇痛、免疫调节等作用。吴茱萸碱对多方面都有显著药理作用，具有很强的药用价值，深入探讨其结构与活性的关系，并以此对其进行结构改造，提高其作用的选择性，降低副作用，有利于更好的开发利用这一资源。本文对近年来吴茱萸碱的药理学研究进展作一综述。

英文摘要:

Evodiamine is a major alkaloid compound extracted from the dry unripened fruit of Evodia fructus (Evodia rutaecarpa Benth, Rutaceae), which has been previously reported to have a wide range of pharmacological activities. Evodiamine inhibit in vitro angiogenesis, invasion and migration of tumor cells. Meanwhile, Evodiamine produces positive inotropic, chronotropic effects and a protective effect of cardiac anaphylactic injury and that the effects are related to stimulation of CGRP release. It also produces a endothelium- dependent vasodilatory effect and inhibit aldosterone release. Evodiamine improves cognitive abilities in the models of Alzheimer's disease and affect the secretion of testosterone. In addition, evodiamine has many pharmacological effects, including losing weight, anti- inflammatory, anti-nociceptive, immunoregulatory and so on. Further studies on the relationship between its structure and activity will contribute to improve the effect of selectivity and reduce side effects. Recent developments of pharmacological effect of evodiamine were highlighted in this review.

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