| 刘子睿 张丽琼 高丽园 马海燕 周媛 金鑫.视网膜微血管内皮细胞在糖尿病视网膜病变中的研究现状[J].现代生物医学进展英文版,2014,14(13):2590-2592. |
| 视网膜微血管内皮细胞在糖尿病视网膜病变中的研究现状 |
| The Progress of the Retinal Vascular Endothelial Cell inDiabetic Retinopathy |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 视网膜微血管内皮细胞 血管内皮生长因子 糖尿病视网膜病变 |
| 英文关键词: Retinal vascular endothelial cell Vascular endothelial growth factor Diabetic retinopathy |
| 基金项目:黑龙江省自然科学基金项目（D200949）；哈尔滨市科技局资助项目（2007RFQXS090） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 糖尿病视网膜疾病是导致成年人失明的主要因素，是糖尿病的一种令人恐惧的并发症，高血糖被认为是促进其发展的主要
原因。高血糖不断地破坏视网膜的微血管系统最终导致视网膜的许多代谢，结构和功能的紊乱。视网膜微血管内皮细胞在微脉管
系统中形成树枝状供应视网膜神经，这些内皮细胞的解剖和生理符合重要视觉保护的营养需求[1]。一方面，内皮组织务必确保氧
的供应和代谢活跃的视网膜营养供应；另一方面，内皮细胞有助于血-视网膜屏障将循环产生的毒素分子,白细胞促炎性物质排
出体外来保护视网膜，这种特性也可能会引起疾病，比如：视网膜血管的渗漏和新生血管，炎性物质转移，因此，视网膜内皮细胞
在视网膜缺血性病变，血管炎中起到重要作用，包括糖尿病视网膜病变和视网膜炎症或感染尤其是后葡萄膜炎。使用基因表达和
蛋白质组学分析等研究方法,有助于了解这些疾病的发病机制。为了进一步开展对糖尿病视网膜疾病的研究，有必要就目前有关
糖尿病视网膜病变患者微血管内皮细胞的研究进展予以综述，旨在为糖尿病视网膜病变的深入研究提供参考依据。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Diabetic retinopathy, the leading cause of acquired blindness in young adults, is one of the most feared complications
of diabetes, and hyperglycemia is considered as the major trigger for its development. The microvasculature of the retina is constantly
bombarded by high glucose, and this insult results in many metabolic, structural and functional changes. Retinal endothelial cells line the
arborizing microvasculature that supplies and drains the neural retina. The anatomical and physiological characteristics of these
endothelial cells are consistent with nutritional requirements and protection of a tissue critical to vision. On the one hand, the
endothelium must ensure the supply of oxygen and other nutrients to the metabolically active retina, and allow access to circulating cells
that maintain the vasculature or survey the retina for the presence of potential pathogens. On the other hand, the endothelium contributes
to the blood-retinal barrier that protects the retina by excluding circulating molecular toxins, microorganisms, and pro-inflammatory
leukocytes. Features required to fulfill these functions may also predispose to disease processes, such as retinal vascular leakage and
neovascularization, and trafficking of microbes and inflammatory cells. Thus, the retinal endothelial cell is a key participant in retinal
ischemic vasculopathies that include diabetic retinopathy and retinopathy of prematurity, and retinal inflammation or infection, as occurs
in posterior uveitis. Using gene expression and proteomic profiling, it has been possible to contribute to understanding of the
pathogenesis of these diseases.This article reviewed the progression in research on the retinal vascular endothelial cell in diabetic
retinopathy . |
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