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目的：探讨以问题为基础的教学法(ProblemBased learning,PBL)在肾科临床见习教学中的应用价值。方法：首都医科大学宣武医院63 名参加内科学肾脏病临床见习的七年制学生随机分成对照组和观察组, 对照组采用传统的基于授课的教学法进行教学，观察组用PBL教学法进行教学，比较2 组学习成绩的差异；向学生发放问卷调查，调查学生对2 种教学方法的认可程度。结果：2 组学生的填空题、选择题及简答题成绩比较无显著性差异（P＞ 0.05）；观察组病例分析题成绩好于对照组（P=0.001）；培养临床思维、激发学习兴趣方面和自主学习能力方面PBL教学法优于传统教学法（P＜0.01）。结论：PBL 教学法有助于学生临床思维和临床技能的培养, 从而使教学质量得到提高。

英文摘要:

Objective:To investigate the application value of Problem Based learning (PBL) teaching mode in nephrology department practice teaching.Methods:63 students in kidney disease clinical practice were randomly divided into control group and observation group in Xuanwu Hospital of Capital University of Medical Science. The control group were taught by using traditional teaching method, while the observation group were taught by using PBL. The differences of performance were compared between 2 groups. Questionnaire survey was given to the students to investigation the acceptance for teaching methods.Results:The scores of filling in the blanks, multiple-choice and short-answer showed that there was no significant difference between 2 groups (P＞0.05). The result of case analysis in observation group were better than those in control group (P=0.001). Cultivation of clinical thinking, strong interesting and challenging and autonomous learning ability in PBL were better than those in traditional teaching method (P＜0.01).Conclusion:PBL were beneficial to students' clinical thought and technique training, and it could improve teaching quality.

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