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目的:研究中等强度跑台运动训练和停训对去卵巢大鼠骨密度和体成分的影响。方法：将60 只成年雌性SD 大鼠按体重分层后随机分为假手术组、去卵巢静止组和去卵巢运动组，每组20 只。去卵巢运动组大鼠每周进行4 次时间45min、速度18m/min、跑道倾角5℃的跑台训练，持续训练14 周时，将各组大鼠又随机分为两个亚组，即：假手术-16 周(Sham-16) 和假手术32 周 (Sham-32)组、去卵巢-16 周(OVX-16)和去卵巢-32 周(OVX-32)组以及去卵巢运动(EX)和停训组(DEX)。分别在末次训练结束 36-48 小时内或停训16 周时，用双能X 线骨密度仪检测各组大鼠体成分和骨密度的变化。结果：（1）训练结束时，OVX-16 组大鼠体脂重量和含量显著高于Sham-16 和EX 组，而瘦体含量、全身骨密度和腰椎骨密度显著低于Sham-16 和EX 组，各组其他检测指标无显著变化。（2）停训16 周时，OVX-32 组大鼠体重、脂肪重量和体脂含量显著高于Sham-32 组，而全身、腰椎和左右股骨骨密度以及瘦体含量显著低于Sham-32 组；DEX组大鼠脂肪重量和体脂含量显著高于OVX-32 组，而瘦体含量显著低于OVX-32 组。结论：跑台运动对去卵巢大鼠体成分和骨密度的改善效应在停训16 周时均未能被保持。

英文摘要:

Objective:To investigate the effects of treadmill training and detraining on whole-body bone mineral density (WBMD) and body composition of ovariectomized rats.Methods:Sixty female SD rats were randomly divided into three groups: sham-operation group (Sham), ovariectomized group (OVX), ovariectomized and exercise group (EX, 18 m/min, 45 min/day, 5 uphill, 4 times/week). After 14 weeks of regular exercise, the three groups were randomly divided into two subgroups namely: sham-16 and Sham-32, OVX-16 and OVX-32 as well as EX and DEX. At the end of regular training or 16 weeks of detraining, the WBMD and body composition were both detected by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry.Results:(1) At the end of treadmill training, both the fat mass and fat mass content in OVX-16 group were significantly higher than those in the other two groups whereas the content of lean mass, the WBMD and lumbar vertebrae BMD were significantly lower than those in the other two groups. (2) After 16 weeks of detraining, the body mass, the fat mass and the fat mass content in OVX-32 group were significantly higher than those in the Sham-32 group whereas the content of lean mass as well as the WBMD, lumbar vertebrae BMD, and left and right femur BMD were significantly lower than those in the Sham-32 group. The fat mass and the fat mass content in DEX group were significantly higher than those in OVX-32 group whereas the content of lean mass was significantly lower than that in the OVX-32 group.Conclusion:The benefit effects of treadmill training on whole-body composition and WBMD in OVX rats could not be preserved after 16 weeks of detraining.

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