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目的：了解新疆乌苏市育龄妇女生殖健康现状，生殖保健知识水平和生殖保健意识，为提高育龄妇女的生殖健康水平提供理论依据。方法：采用单纯随机抽样的方法，选择乌苏市育龄妇女1000 名，应用自填问卷并结合妇科各项相应检查进行调查分析。结果：（1）妇科健康情况：52.6%被调查者认为自身目前妇科健康状况一般；仅有14.0%的被调查者没有出现过白带异常、下身瘙痒等症状；而平时对生殖道进行日常护理的人仅占57.4%。（2）妇科常见病患病情况：妇科常见疾病按患病率高低排列分别为阴道炎（70.2%）、痛经（25.5%）、宫颈糜烂/ 乳腺增生（19.2%、19.1%）、子宫肌瘤（11.9%），各因素对痛经的影响均无统计学意义（P＞ 0.05）；各因素对阴道炎的影响均无统计学意义（P＞0.05）；但不同年龄段有宫颈疾病的患病情况差别有统计学意义（P＜0.01），其中40～50 岁年龄组患病率最大（65.3%），30 岁以下年龄组患病率最低（37.6%）；城市患病率（57.7%）高于农村（45.6%），差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；小学文化程度患病率（69.0%）高于其他各组差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。（3）求医行为：37.5%的人选择去药店买药，41.5%的人选择就医；对就医单位的选择中，75.3%的人采取就近原则选择医疗单位，9.1%的人则是通过报纸媒体广告选择相关医疗单位；选择就医单位影响因素中42.3%的人认为专家资质较重要，26.3%的人则认为有先进设备较重要。结论：乌苏市育龄妇女生殖健康水平一般，妇女患常见妇科病比率较大的为阴道炎及痛经，其次为宫颈糜烂/ 乳腺增生，子宫肌瘤，40～50 岁、文化程度较低妇女对宫颈其他疾病的患病情况影响较大，妇女生殖保健知识较全面、自我护理较好的妇女患病率较低。乌苏市育龄妇女需要加强生殖健康宣传教育，提高自我保健意识，掌握基本的生殖保健常识，对40～50 岁围绝经期妇女要加强体检力度，以降低妇女病发病率，提高妇女健康水平，改善乌苏市各年龄段的妇女生活质量为关键。

英文摘要:

Objective: To investigate the status, the level of knowledge and the awareness about the reproductive health of womenprevalence. Wusu women of childbearing age need to strengthen reproductive health promotion education, 40 ～50 year-old peril- menopausal women have to do more thing to physical examination, so Wusu women of all age will get the maximum protection of reproductive system. of childbearing age in Wusu, Xinjiang, so as to provide a theoretical basis for improvement of the reproductive health status of women of childbearing age. Methods: Using simple random sampling method, 1000 women of childbearing age in Wusu were selected for self-administered questionnaire, then combined with the corresponding check of gynecology to make investigation and analysis. Results: (1)gynecology health: 52.6 % of them believe that their current health status of gynecology is generally good; only 14.0 % of these respondents had no symptoms of abnormal vaginal discharge and itching in lower body; people who did routine care of the reproductive tract accounted for only 57.4 % of the total; (2) The common gynecological diseases, according to the level of prevalence from high to low, are vaginitis (70.2 %), dysmenorrheal(25.5 %), cervical erosion /hyperplasia(19.2%, 19.1%), uterine fibroids(11.9 %); The impact of each factor on dysmenorrheal and vaginitis was not statistically significant (P＞0.05). However, the prevalence of cervical disease was significantly different among different age groups (P＜0.01). The 40 to 50 age group had the highest prevalence (65.3%), and the group of age no older than 30 has the lowest prevalence(37.6 %). Urban prevalence rate(57.7 %) was higher than that of rural(45.6%), with significant difference (P＜0.05); The group with only primary education showed higher prevalence rate (69. 0 %) than other groups, also with significant difference(P＜0.05). (3) Seeking medical advice: 37.5% of people chose the drugstore to buy medicine. 41.5 % ask for medical treatment, among which 75.3 % of people chose to go to the nearest medical units, 9.1 % of the people chose to go to medical unit in the guidance of newspaper and media advertisement, 42.3 % of the people considered that the qualification of experts is more important while 26.3 % of them considered that advanced equipments are more important. Conclusion: The status of reproductive health of women of childbearing age is generally good in Wusu. Women suffer higher rates of common gynecological diseases as vaginitis and dysmenorrheal, followed by cervical erosion / hyperplasia, uterine fibroids. Factors like age of 40～50 and low education level has great impact on disease

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