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目的：探讨三维颌骨牵张治疗颌骨畸形的临床效果。方法：回顾性分析我院2005 年1 月-2011 年6 月收治的颌骨畸形患者 42 例，根据牵张方法不同分为观察组和对照组，观察组采用三维颌骨牵张，对照组采用平行于矢状轴方向进行牵张，比较两组的牵张效果。结果：术后随访6~24 个月，两组牵张时间进行比较，t=7.824，P＜0.05，两组牵张时间差异有统计学意义。观察组无牵引器松动而发生发生牵张失败的病例，观察组无失败病例，对照组为6 例，占28.57%，x2=4.861，P＜0.05，两组牵张失败率差异有统计学意义。观察组与对照组患者咬颌关系（x2=5.091，P＜0.05）、颞颌关节（x2=6.431，P＜0.05）、颜面外观（x2=4.434，P＜0.05）比较，两组差异有统计学意义。结论：三维颌骨牵张法能达到成骨快，成骨质量高的要求，因此在下颌骨正畸过程中适宜采用三维颌骨牵张法。

英文摘要:

Objective: To explore the clinical effects of treatment mandibular deformities by three-dimensional distribution osteogenesis. Methods: A retrospective analysis was carried out on 42 patients with mandibular deformities in our hospital from Jan. 2005 to Jun. 2011. They were divided into 2 groups according to the ways of treatment. The clinical effects and oral cavity function were compared between the two groups. Results: The time of two groups for distribution osteogenesis was different significantly (t=7.824, P＜ 0.05). The failure percentage of distraction osteogenesis （x2=4.861, P＜0.05）for two groups was different significantly. The relation of bite （x2=5.091, P＜0.05）, temporomandibular joint （x2=6.431, P＜0.05）and facial esthetics （x2=4.434, P＜0.05）for two groups were different significantly. Conclusion: The three-dimensional distribution osteogenesis can repair bone earlier and better, it has great value in clinical application.

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