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卵巢恶性肿瘤是女性生殖系统三大恶性肿瘤之一，其发病率在女性生殖系统肿瘤中占第三位，而死亡率却高居首位。目前对于晚期卵巢癌（Ⅲ或Ⅳ期）多倾向于用新辅助化疗+ 肿瘤细胞减灭术+ 术后周期性化疗的治疗方法。但是，尽管多数患者在最初对化疗药物较敏感，但仍有60 %~80 %最终死于卵巢癌，这些患者大部分都对化疗药物产生了耐药性，在更换新的化疗方案初期是有效的，但最终仍会耐药。近年来，有关细胞凋亡抑制蛋白（cIAP, cellular inhibitors of apoptosis proteins）在卵巢癌复发耐药中的作用机制的研究越来越受到重视。研究证实，cIAP 在耐药肿瘤细胞中呈高表达，并与多种因子共同参与形成了上皮性卵巢癌的耐药机制，抑制了化疗药物引起的肿瘤细胞的凋亡。这些发现为攻克卵巢癌的耐药机制提供了重要线索，也为卵巢癌化疗药物的应用指出了新的方向。

英文摘要:

Ovarian cancer is one of the three most malignant tumors in female reproductive system, the incidence of which is in the third place while the mortality rate is the highest. At present,advanced ovarian cancer (phase Ⅲor Ⅳ)more inclines to use neoadjuvant chemotherapy and cytoreductive surgery followed with periodic chemotherapy treatment. However, although most patients initially are sensitive to chemotherapy,there are still 60% to 80% eventually die of ovarian cancer. Most of these patients have resistance to chemotherapeutic drugs.Even if changing into a new chemotherapy, they are still sensitive at the beginning and resistant at last. In recent years, the inhibitor of apoptosis protein (cIAP, cellular inhibitors of apoptosis proteins)has been paying more and more attention in reseach of mechanism of resistance in ovarian cancer. Studies have confirmed that, cIAP is highly expressed in tumor cells of resistance, and is involved in the formation of epithelial ovarian cancer resistance mechanisms together with a variety of other factors. cIAPs inhibit chemotherapy-induced apoptosis of tumor cells. These findings provide an important clue for overcoming the resistance mechanisms of ovarian cancer, and also show a new direction for application of chemotherapy drug in ovarian cancer.

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