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我国是全世界食管癌发病率和死亡率最高的国家之一。食管癌每年新增病例的一半发生在我国，但由于食管癌早期症状不明显及国内医疗技术水平等多种因素，目前的食管癌病人发现时多为中晚期，已失去了手术的机会，此时放疗成为其主要的治疗手段。然而，由于周围正常组织及食管本身因素的限制，导致放疗剂量无法继续提高，限制了放疗的效果，使得食管癌的5 年生存率仍然较低。这就迫切的要求我们寻找可以指导我们选择最佳治疗方式的生物指标，以改善当前的治疗现状。伴随着EGFR 研究的突破性进展及相关靶向药物在临床中的逐渐应用，近些年EGFR 及相关靶向药物在食管癌中研究也在逐渐的开展，成为当前食管癌研究热点。本文将从食管鳞状细胞癌的EGFR 表达情况及其与诊断、预后、放射治疗、放化疗综合治疗、放疗与靶向综合治疗的关系等方面的研究进展做简单的阐述。

英文摘要:

Esophageal cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in our country with high incidence and mortality rate. About one half of additional cases of esophageal cancer occurs in our country. However, the incipient symptoms are not obvious and the current medical technology against esophageal cancer need further development. When the disease diagnosed, the stage is frequently late which causes the loss of the opportunity to undertake a surgery. Thus the radiotherapy becomes main treatment in patients with mid-late stage. But because of the periphery normal tissue and the esophagus itself, the radiotherapy dosage become unable to continuely enhance which limited the radiotherapy effect. Confronted with such reality, the 5 year survival rate of esophageal carcinoma keeps at a low level. The condition of the therapy of esophageal cancers needs better biological indicators to identify the proper groups. As the progress of relevant research, EGFR served as an target of esophageal cancer therapy are extensively studied. The following pages will briefly introduce the progression of the research on the relationship between EGFR and the diagnosis, prognosis, and radiotherapy in esophageal cancer patients.

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