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微栓子监测技术（Microemboli monitoring technology，MMT）是20 世纪90 年代发展起来的一项新技术。1990 年，Spencer 等定义了微栓子信号(Micro embolus signal，MES)。1992 年，Russell 等明确提出了微栓子监测的概念，并结合实验数据，对微栓子的监测进行了初步总结。1995 年，第九届国际脑血流动力学会议确定了MES 的判断标准。近年来，微栓子监测技术已经广泛应用于心脏、血管外科和神经科领域，并取得了一些进展。目前，不仅在理论上证实了应用TCD 技术监测微栓子的可行性，而且大量的临床观察表明这项技术可以为研究缺血性脑血管病的发生机制、治疗效果、预后判断及疾病预防提供客观的依据。本文将对下述问题进行综述：微栓子监测在缺血性脑血管病研究中的应用（颈源性、颅内动脉源性、心源性、其他病因所导致的缺血性脑血管病）；微栓子监测对缺血性脑血管病药物治疗疗效的评估；微栓子监测对卒中复发的预计；以及微栓子监测对临床缺血性脑血管病溶栓治疗的监测。综述近年来微栓子监测在临床缺血性脑血管病诊治预防中取得的新进展、面临的问题以及新的发展。

英文摘要:

Microemboli monitoring technology (MMT) in the 1990s developed a new technology. In 1990, Spencer and others gave the definition of micro-embolic signals (Micro embolus signal, MES). In 1992, Russell and others clearly put forward the concept of micro-emboli monitoring, and conducted a preliminary summary of the MMT on the basis of the experimental data. In 1995, the Ninth International Cerebral Hemodynamics meeting identified criteria of MES. In recent years, micro-emboli monitoring technology (MMT) has been widely used in cardiac, vascular surgery and neurology field, and has made some progress. Currently, not only application of TCD technology to monitor the feasibility of micro-emboli were confirmed in theory, but also a large of clinical observations show that MMT can provide an objective basis in order to study the occurrence, treatment, prognosis and prevention of ischemic cerebrovascular disease. This paper will review the following issues: MMT in ischemic cerebrovascular disease research applications (cervical, intracranial arterial origin, cardiac, and other causes resulting from ischemic cerebrovascular disease); MMT assessment ischemic cerebrovascular disease therapy; MMT used to predict the recurrence of stroke; and MMT for monitoring clinical thrombolytic therapy of ischemic cerebrovascular disease. This article will review the new progress, the new problems and new developments of MMT in the clinical diagnosis, treatment and prevention of ischemic cerebrovascular disease in recent years.

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