| 冷丽智1,2 林戈1,2 卢光琇1,2.原始生殖细胞发生的机制[J].现代生物医学进展英文版,2011,11(18):3569-3572. |
| 原始生殖细胞发生的机制 |
| The Mechanism of Primordial germ cells Specification |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 多能性干细胞 原始生殖细胞 分化 表观遗传重编程 |
| 英文关键词: Embryonic Stem Cells Primordial germ cells Differentiation Epigenetic reprogramming |
| 基金项目:中南大学前沿研究计划前瞻布局研究重大项目（201021200070）；国家973 项目（2005CB522705）；
国家863 计划项目（2006AA02A102） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 生殖细胞的发生是发育和遗传的基础。在几乎所有哺乳动物中，原始生殖细胞（primordial germ cell,PGC）均由近端上胚层体
细胞在周边细胞特定的信号诱导下特化而成。目前的研究已经发现一些与生殖细胞特化有关的信号分子和关键转录调控元件，
以及特化后生殖细胞获得的与体细胞不同的生物特性。生殖细胞的特化是一个结合了体细胞发育程序的抑制、细胞多能性程序
的启动和全基因组表观遗传重编程三个方面的动态的复杂过程。多能性干细胞（胚胎干细胞或诱导型多能干细胞）具有发育全能
性，能分化为机体任何一种细胞类型，包括生殖细胞。利用多能性干细胞体外分化形成生殖细胞有助于深入系统地研究配子发生
的调控机制，为干细胞在不育症治疗方面的应用带来新希望。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Specification of germ cell fate is fundamental in development and heredity.In almost all mammals,the primordial germ
cells are induced in pluripotent epiblast cells by specific signaling molecules. The current study has found some signal molecules and key
transcription regulators related to the specification of germ cell lines , and different biological characteristics acquired by specialized germ
cells compared to somatic cells. The corresponding experimental results show that the germ cell specification integrates at least three key
events: repression of the somatic program, re-acquisition of potential pluripotency, and ensuing genome-wide epigenetic reprogramming.
Pluripotent stem cells (embryonic stem cells or iPS)have the developmental totipotency,and can differentiate into any cell type of the
body,including germ cells.Therefore, the model of using multipotent cells to differentiate into germ cells in vitro can thoroughly and systematically
contribute to the regulation mechanism of gamete genesis , bringing new hope to the application of stem cells in infertility
treatment. |
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