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目的探讨新疆和田地区墨玉县肺结核患者西北燥证发病特征及其相关性分析研究，为新疆地区肺结核防治策略及效果评价提供依据。方法：选取2023年10月至2024年10月在新疆和田地区墨玉县确诊的89例肺结核患者作为病例组，选取新疆和田地区墨玉县同期在性别、年龄、受教育程度与病例组相匹配的117例健康人作为对照组。比较两组一般资料、西北燥证罹患率；分析肺结核患者西北燥证罹患情况、西北燥证病情程度、西北燥证主兼证评分；分析罹患肺结核的影响因素；比较对照组和病例组西北燥证主证（肺卫孔皮燥证）、西北燥证兼证（心肾阴虚证、肺心脾风火燥证、肝肾精血不足证、脾胃蕴湿证、脾胃阴虚证）评分。采用Spearman秩和检验分析肺结核与西北燥证发病的相关性。结果对照组和病例组在体质量指数（BMI）、年龄、受教育程度、性别等方面比较无差异（P>0.05）。病例组西北燥证罹患率明显高于对照组（P＜0.05）。重度组的西北燥证量表评分高于轻度组和中度组，中度组的西北燥证量表评分高于轻度组（P＜0.05）。89例肺结核患者中，主证肺卫孔皮燥证例数最高，共42例（47.19%），例数最高的兼证为心肾阴虚症，共36例（40.45%），其次为脾胃阴虚证，共35例（39.33%）。结果显示，罹患西北燥证是肺结核的危险因素（P＜0.05）。对照组和病例组西北燥证主证（肺卫孔皮燥证）评分、西北燥证兼证（肺心脾风火燥证）评分、西北燥证兼证（脾胃阴虚证）评分比较有差异（P＜0.05）。对照组和病例组西北燥证兼证（肝肾精血不足证）评分、西北燥证兼证（心肾阴虚证）评分、西北燥证兼证（脾胃蕴湿证）评分比较无差异（P>0.05）。肺结核证候积分与西北燥证各证型间均呈正相关（P＜0.05），肺卫孔皮燥证、肺心脾风火燥证、脾胃蕴湿证在0.001级别相关性显著（P＜0.05）；肝肾精血不足证、脾胃阴虚证在0.01级别相关性显著（P＜0.05）；心肾阴虚证在0.05级别相关性显著（P＜0.05）。结论西北燥证与新疆和田地区墨玉县肺结核的发生有关，是肺结核发生的危险因素，肺结核证候积分与西北燥证各证型间均存在显著正相关，其中肺卫孔皮燥证、肺心脾风火燥证、脾胃蕴湿证对肺核证候积分影响最为显著。

英文摘要:

Objective To explore the incidence characteristics and correlation analysis of Western dryness syndrome in pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Moyu County, Hetian Prefecture, Xinjiang, and to provide a basis for the prevention and treatment strategies and effectiveness evaluation of pulmonary tuberculosis in Xinjiang. Methods 89 confirmed cases of pulmonary tuberculosis in Moyu County, Hotian Prefecture, Xinjiang from October 2023 to October 2024 were selected as the case group, and 117 healthy individuals matched with the case group in terms of gender, age, and education level in Moyu County, Hotian Prefecture, Xinjiang during the same period were selected as the control group. The general information and incidence of Northwest dryness syndrome between two groups were compared. The incidence and severity of Northwest dryness syndrome in tuberculosis patients, as well as the main and secondary syndrome scores of Northwest dryness syndrome were analyzed. The influencing factors of pulmonary tuberculosis were analyzed. The scores of the main syndrome of Northwest dryness syndrome (lung wei kong pi dryness syndrome) and the concurrent syndrome of Northwest dryness syndrome (heart kidney yin deficiency syndrome, lung heart spleen wind fire dryness syndrome, liver kidney essence blood deficiency syndrome, spleen stomach dampness syndrome, spleen stomach yin deficiency syndrome) between the control group and the case group were compared. The correlation between pulmonary tuberculosis and the onset of Northwest dryness syndrome were analyzed by Spearman rank sum test. Results：There was no significant difference between the control group and the case group in terms of body mass index (BMI), age, education level, gender, etc. (P>0.05). The incidence of Northwest dryness syndrome in the case group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). The Northwest Dry Syndrome Scale score in the severe group was higher than that in the mild and moderate groups, and the Northwest Dry Syndrome Scale score in the moderate group was higher than that in the mild group (P<0.05). Among 89 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis, the main syndrome of lung wei kong pi dryness syndrome had the highest number of cases, totaling 42 cases (47.19%). The highest number of concurrent syndromes were heart kidney yin deficiency syndrome, totaling 36 cases (40.45%), followed by spleen stomach yin deficiency syndrome, totaling 35 cases (39.33%). The results showed that suffering from Northwest dryness syndrome was a risk factor for pulmonary tuberculosis (P<0.05). There were significant differences in the scores of the main syndrome of Northwest dryness (Lung Wei Kong Pi dryness syndrome), the concurrent syndrome of Northwest dryness (Lung Heart Spleen Wind Fire dryness syndrome), and the concurrent syndrome of Northwest dryness (Spleen Stomach Yin Deficiency syndrome) between the control group and the case group(P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the scores of Northwest dryness syndrome (liver and kidney essence and blood deficiency syndrome), Northwest dryness syndrome (heart and kidney yin deficiency syndrome), and Northwest dryness syndrome (spleen and stomach dampness syndrome) between the control group and the case group (P>0.05). The score of pulmonary tuberculosis syndrome was positively correlated with various types of Northwest dryness syndrome (P<0.05), and there was a significant correlation at the 0.001 level between pulmonary Wei Kong Pi dryness syndrome, pulmonary heart spleen wind fire dryness syndrome, and spleen stomach dampness syndrome(P<0.05) . The correlation between liver and kidney essence and blood deficiency syndrome and spleen and stomach yin deficiency syndrome is significant at the 0.01 level (P<0.05). The correlation between heart and kidney yin deficiency syndrome is significant at the 0.05 level (P<0.05). Conclusion：The northwest dryness syndrome is related to the occurrence of pulmonary tuberculosis in Moyu County, Hotan Prefecture, Xinjiang, and is a risk factor for the occurrence of pulmonary tuberculosis. There is a significant positive correlation between the pulmonary tuberculosis syndrome score and various types of northwest dryness syndrome, among which the lung wei kong pi dryness syndrome, lung heart spleen wind fire dryness syndrome, and spleen stomach dampness syndrome have the most significant impact on the pulmonary nucleus syndrome score.

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