| 万年新,吕媛媛,慈芳芳,卢昊宇,徐爱玲,孙 辉.四种功能水体的水质现状以及微生物群落结构分析[J].,2024,(22):4214-4220 |
| 四种功能水体的水质现状以及微生物群落结构分析 |
| Analysis of Water Quality Status and Microbial Community Structurein Four Functional Water Bodies |
| 投稿时间：2024-04-23 修订日期：2024-05-18 |
| DOI：10.13241/j.cnki.pmb.2024.22.003 |
| 中文关键词: 水功能区 高通量测序 环境因子 细菌群落 |
| 英文关键词: Water functional zones High-throughput sequencing Environmental factors Bacterial community |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 摘要 目的：探究四种不同功能水体--水库、南水北调东线水、海水浴场和海水养殖区域--的水质现状及其微生物群落结构组成。方法：对四个水体功能区分别进行采样。通过16S rRNA高通量测序技术，结合水质理化指标，分析比较了不同功能水体的水质现状以及微生物群落结构组成差异。结果：海水浴场的水质较其他三个水体功能区水质最好，水库中TN偏高，南水北调东线水COD、TN均较高，海水养殖区域中活性磷酸盐的浓度略高。四个水体功能区中海水浴场的物种丰富度以及物种多样性最高，水库、海水养殖区域的物种丰富度和多样性均较低。细菌群落组成差异主要表现在属水平。水库、南水北调东线水组成较其他两个功能区相似，主要是由于棘洪滩水库的冬季供水仅来源于南水北调东线水。此外海水浴场与海水养殖区域的细菌组成存在差异，水产养殖以及因此导致水质理化因子的改变对两地细菌群落组成差异的影响较大。总氮、总磷为影响细菌群落组成的主要环境因子。结论：海水浴场的水质最符合标准，水库、南水北调东线水中TN偏高增加水体富营养化的风险需重点关注。蓄水来源、TN、COD与活性磷酸盐浓度偏高对造成四种功能水体细菌群落组成差异影响较大。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate the water quality and its microbial community structure in four different functional water bodies-reservoirs, the South-to-North Water Diversion East Route water, seawater bathing beaches, and seawater aquaculture areas. Methods: Sampling was carried out in each of the four functional areas of water bodies. Through 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing technology, combined with the physical and chemical indicators of water quality, the current status of water quality as well as the differences in the structural composition of microbial communities in different functional water bodies were analysed and compared. Results:The water quality of the sea bathing beach was the best compared to the other three water body functional areas, TN was high in the reservoir, COD and TN were higher in the water of the east line of the South-to-North Water Diversion, and the concentration of reactive phosphate was slightly higher in the sea water aquaculture area. Species richness as well as species diversity were highest in the four water body functional areas in the sea bathing area, and lower in the reservoir and mariculture area. Differences in bacterial community composition were mainly at the genus level. Reservoir and South-to-North Water Diversion East Line water compositions were similar compared to the other two functional areas, mainly due to the fact that the winter water supply of the Echinohontan Reservoir only comes from the South-to-North Water Diversion East Line water. In addition there were differences in the bacterial composition between the sea bathing area and the sea water aquaculture area, and aquaculture and the consequent changes in the physicochemical factors of the water quality had a greater impact on the differences in the composition of the bacterial communities in the two areas. Total nitrogen and total phosphorus were the main environmental factors affecting the bacterial community composition. Conclusion: The water quality of the sea bathing beaches is the most compliant with the standards, while the high TN in the reservoirs and the water of the South-to-North Water Diversion Eastern Route increases the risk of eutrophication of the water bodies and needs to be focused on. The source of impoundment, high TN, COD and reactive phosphate concentrations have a greater impact on causing differences in the bacterial community composition of the four functional water bodies. |
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