| 马新宇,商 淼,王 雨,张智贤,唐晓雪.慢性鼻窦炎患者嗅觉障碍的危险因素探讨及其对患者心理健康和生存质量的影响[J].,2023,(4):655-659 |
| 慢性鼻窦炎患者嗅觉障碍的危险因素探讨及其对患者心理健康和生存质量的影响 |
| Risk Factors of Olfactory Dysfunction in Patients with Chronic Sinusitis and its Influence on Mental Health and Quality of Life of Patients |
| 投稿时间：2022-07-23 修订日期：2022-08-18 |
| DOI：10.13241/j.cnki.pmb.2023.04.011 |
| 中文关键词: 慢性鼻窦炎 嗅觉障碍 危险因素 心理健康 生存质量 |
| 英文关键词: Chronic sinusitis Olfactory dysfunction Risk factors Mental health Quality of life |
| 基金项目:北京市医管局"青苗"计划项目（QML20190208） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 摘要 目的：探讨慢性鼻窦炎患者嗅觉障碍的危险因素及其对患者心理健康和生存质量的影响。方法：选取2017年9月~2020年9月期间首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院收治的120例慢性鼻窦炎患者进行嗅觉功能测试。统计嗅觉功能障碍患者的发生率，并依据嗅觉功能测试情况将患者分为嗅觉障碍组（n=64）和嗅觉正常组（n=56）。对两组患者的基础资料、临床资料、心理健康状况和生存质量等进行比较分析，采用单因素分析慢性鼻窦炎患者嗅觉障碍发生的影响因素，多因素Logistic回归分析慢性鼻窦炎患者嗅觉障碍发生的危险因素。结果：经嗅觉功能测试结果统计，120例患者中有64例患者出现嗅觉功能障碍，嗅觉障碍患病率为53.33%，其中男性有36例（56.25%），女性有28例（43.75%）；嗅觉下降46例(38.33%)、失嗅18例(15.00%)。单因素分析显示：鼻内镜手术史、伴鼻息肉、哮喘病史、嗜酸粒细胞比例、鼻内镜Lund-Kennedy评分是慢性鼻窦炎嗅觉障碍发生的影响因素(均P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析表明：鼻内镜手术史、伴鼻息肉、哮喘病史、嗜酸粒细胞比例>5%、鼻内镜Lund-Kennedy评分≥2分是慢性鼻窦炎嗅觉障碍发生的独立危险因素。嗅觉正常组的焦虑自评量表（SAS）、抑郁自评量表（SDS）评分均低于嗅觉障碍组（P<0.05）。嗅觉正常组生活质量简表（SF-36）各维度评分均高于嗅觉障碍组（P<0.05）。结论：慢性鼻窦炎患者的嗅觉障碍发生率较高，鼻内镜手术史、伴鼻息肉、哮喘病史、嗜酸粒细胞比例>5%、Lund-Kennedy评分≥2分是影响患者嗅觉障碍发生的危险因素。同时嗅觉障碍还会引起患者抑郁焦虑等不良情绪，降低患者的生活质量。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate the risk factors of olfactory dysfunction in patients with chronic sinusitis and its effect on mental health and quality of life of patients. Methods: 120 patients with chronic sinusitis who were admitted to Beijing Tongren Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University from September 2017 to September 2020 were selected for olfactory function test. The incidence of olfactory dysfunction was analyzed, and patients were divided into olfactory dysfunction group (n=64) and olfactory normal group (n=56) according to the olfactory function test. The basic data, clinical data, mental health status and quality of life of patients in the two groups were compared and analyzed. The influencing factors of olfactory dysfunction in patients with chronic sinusitis were analyzed by univariate analysis, and risk factors of olfactory dysfunction in patients with chronic sinusitis were analyzed by multivariate Logistic regression. Results: According to the olfactory function test results, 64 of the 120 patients showed olfactory dysfunction, and the prevalence rate of olfactory dysfunction was 53.33%, included 36 cases (56.25%) of male patients, and 28 cases (43.75%) of female patients. 46 cases (38.33%) had hypoolfactory, and 18 cases (15.00%) had anosmia. Univariate analysis showed that nasal endoscopic surgery history, concomitant nasal polyp, asthma history, proportion of eosinophils and nasal endoscopic Lund-Kennedy score were the influential factors for the occurrence of anosmia in chronic sinusitis (all P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that nasal endoscopic surgery history, concomitant nasal polyp, asthma history, proportion of eosinophil >5%, and nasal endoscopic Lund-Kennedy score ≥2 scores were independent risk factors for olfaction of chronic sinusitis. The scores of anxiety self-rating Scale (SAS) and depression self-rating Scale (SDS) in the olfactory normal group were lower than those in the olfactory dysfunction group (P<0.05). The score of quality of life (SF-36) for each dimension in the olfactory normal group was higher than that in the olfactory dysfunction group (P<0.05). Conclusion: The incidence of anosmia is higher in patients with chronic sinusitis, and the risk factors for anosmia are nasal endoscopic surgery history, concomitant nasal polyp, asthma history, proportion of eosinophilia >5% and Lund-Kennedy score ≥2 scores. At the same time, olfactory disorder can also cause depression and anxiety and other adverse emotions, reducing the quality of life of patients. |
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