| 杨 波,陈 任,潘 阳,沈 雁,王 祥,张威振.蚌埠市蚌山区老年人群骨质疏松症流行病学调查及对跌倒风险和认知功能的影响[J].,2023,(1):113-117 |
| 蚌埠市蚌山区老年人群骨质疏松症流行病学调查及对跌倒风险和认知功能的影响 |
| Epidemiological Investigation of Osteoporosis Among the Elderly Population in Bengshan District of Bengbu City and its Influence on the Fall Risk and Cognitive Function |
| 投稿时间：2022-04-10 修订日期：2022-04-30 |
| DOI：10.13241/j.cnki.pmb.2023.01.022 |
| 中文关键词: 蚌埠市 蚌山区 老年 骨质疏松症 流行病学 跌倒风险 认知功能 |
| 英文关键词: Bengbu city Bengshan district Elderly Osteoporosis Epidemiology Fall risk Cognitive function |
| 基金项目:安徽高校人文社会科学研究项目（SK2019A0166） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 摘要 目的：对蚌埠市蚌山区老年人群骨质疏松症进行流行病学调查，并探讨骨质疏松症对跌倒风险和认知功能的影响。方法：于2019年11月~2021年4月采用多阶段分层随机抽样的方法，抽取蚌埠市蚌山区的常住居民，调查老年人群骨质疏松症发生率，共发放960份调查问卷，回收941份，回收率为98.02%。根据有无骨质疏松症分为骨质疏松症组和无骨质疏松症组，观察两组跌倒风险和认知功能状况。应用多因素logistic回归分析老年人群发生骨质疏松症的危险因素和保护因素。结果：941例研究对象中，检查出存在骨质疏松症者325人，发病率为34.54%。根据有无骨质疏松症分为骨质疏松症组（n=325）和无骨质疏松症组（n=616）。单因素分析结果显示，老年人群发生骨质疏松症与乳制品和钙片摄入情况、年龄、连续服用类固醇激素超过3个月情况、骨折史、性别、其他慢性病患病情况、体质量指数、婚姻状况、饮茶情况、每天运动情况有关（P<0.05）。多因素logistic回归性分析，结果显示：年龄≥70岁、性别为女性、连续服用类固醇激素超过3个月情况是老年人群发生骨质疏松症的危险因素，而每天运动情况≥30 min、有乳制品和钙片摄入情况、体质量指数≥24 kg/m2是老年人群发生骨质疏松症的保护因素（P<0.05）。骨质疏松症组的跌倒风险评估工具（FROP-Com）评分高于无骨质疏松症组，跌倒效能量表（MFES）评分低于无骨质疏松症组（P<0.05）。骨质疏松症组的简明精神状态检查量表（MMSE）评分低于无骨质疏松症组，画钟试验（CDT）评分高于无骨质疏松症组（P<0.05）。结论：蚌埠市蚌山区老年人群骨质疏松症患病率较高，且受到年龄、性别、连续服用类固醇激素超过3个月情况等因素的影响，而每天运动情况≥30 min、乳制品和钙片摄入情况、体质量指数≥24 kg/m2可减少骨质疏松症患病率，同时存在骨质疏松症的患者其跌倒风险升高，认知功能下降。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate the prevalence of osteoporosis among the elderly population in bengshan district, Bengbu city, and to explore the impact of osteoporosis on the fall risk and cognitive function. Methods: From November 2019 to April 2021, a multi-stage stratified random sampling method was adopted to select the permanent residents of bengshan district, Bengbu city to investigate the incidence of osteoporosis among the elderly population. A total of 960 questionnaires were distributed, and 941 were recovered, with a recovery rate of 98.02%. According to the presence or absence of osteoporosis, they were divided into osteoporosis group and non osteoporosis group. The fall risk and cognitive function status of the two groups were observed. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors and protective factors of osteoporosis in the elderly population. Results: Among the 941 subjects, 325 were found to have osteoporosis, and the incidence rate was 34.54%. They were divided into osteoporosis group (n=325) and non osteoporosis group (n=616) according to the presence or absence of osteoporosis. The results of univariate analysis showed that the incidence of osteoporosis in the elderly population was related to the intake of dairy products and calcium tablets, age, continuous use of steroids for more than 3 months, fracture history, gender, other chronic diseases, body mass index, marital status, tea drinking and daily exercise (P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age greater than or equal to 70 years, gender with female and continuous use of steroids for more than 3 months were the risk factors for osteoporosis in the elderly population, while daily exercise greater than or equal to 30 min, intake of dairy products and calcium tablets, and body mass index greater than or equal to 24 kg/m2 were the protective factors for osteoporosis in the elderly population (P<0.05). The falls risk for older people in the community (FROP-Com) score of osteoporosis group was higher than that of non osteoporosis group, and the Modified Falls Efficacy Scale (MFES) score was lower than that of non osteoporosis group (P<0.05). The MMSE score of osteoporosis group was lower than that of non osteoporosis group, and the clock drawing test (CDT) score was higher than that in non osteoporosis group (P<0.05). Conclusion: The prevalence of osteoporosis among the elderly population in bengshan district of Bengbu city is high, and it is affected by factors such as age, gender, and continuous use of steroids for more than 3 months. Daily exercise greater than or equal to 30min, intake of dairy products and calcium tablets, and body mass index greater than or equal to 24 kg/m2 can reduce the prevalence of osteoporosis. At the same time, patients with osteoporosis have an increased fall risk and a decreased cognitive function. |
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