| 史文举,张维立,王 鑫,曲径直,袁魁远.社区居民乙肝防控知识知晓情况调查及乙肝歧视的影响因素分析[J].,2021,(2):302-306 |
| 社区居民乙肝防控知识知晓情况调查及乙肝歧视的影响因素分析 |
| Investigation on the Knowledge of Hepatitis B Prevention and Control Among Community Residents and Analysis on the Influencing Factors of Hepatitis B Discrimination |
| 投稿时间：2020-03-25 修订日期：2020-04-21 |
| DOI：10.13241/j.cnki.pmb.2021.02.022 |
| 中文关键词: 乙肝 社区 调查 知晓率 歧视 影响因素 |
| 英文关键词: Hepatitis B Community Investigation Awareness rate Discrimination Influencing factors |
| 基金项目:天津市科技计划项目（18ZXZNSY00270） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 摘要 目的：了解社区居民乙肝防控知识知晓情况并分析乙肝歧视的影响因素。方法：采用分层整群随机抽样方法选取天津市鸿顺里社区1276名居民进行问卷调查，每人发放一份问卷，回收后统计居民乙肝防控知识的知晓情况及乙肝歧视现状，并通过多因素Logistic回归分析乙肝歧视的影响因素。结果：共回收1214份有效问卷，回收率为95.14%（1214/1276），乙肝5条主要传播途径中知晓经血液传播最高为70.18%（852/1214），知晓经共用牙刷及剃须刀传播为48.76%（592/1214），知晓经母婴传播为37.73%（458/1214），知晓经性生活传播为34.68%（421/1214），知晓经污染的医疗器械传播为34.18%（415/1214），5条传播途径均知晓为27.92%（339/1214）；90.77%（1102/1214）的调查者知晓"乙肝是否具有传染性"，乙肝知识的总体知晓率为21.91%（266/1 214）。79.90%（970/1214）的调查对象不愿意和乙肝患者恋爱/结婚，60.96%（740/1214）的调查对象不愿意和乙肝患者共同进餐；无歧视、中轻度歧视及重度歧视的比例分别为24.87%（302/1214）、50.91%（618/1214）及24.22%（294/1214）；不同年龄、职业、文化程度、月收入人群之间乙肝歧视程度的差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。Logistic回归分析显示年龄、职业、文化程度、月收入均是造成乙肝歧视的影响因素。结论：天津市鸿顺里社区居民的乙肝防控知识知晓率较低且歧视现象严重，应加强对乙肝知识的宣传教育，纠正对乙肝的歧视心态。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| ABSTRACT Objective: To understand the knowledge of hepatitis B prevention and control among community residents and analysis on the influencing factors of hepatitis B discrimination. Methods: A questionnaire survey was conducted among 1276 residents in Hongshunli community of Tianjin by stratified cluster random sampling method, each of them was given a questionnaire. After the questionnaire was collected, the residents' knowledge of hepatitis B prevention and control and the status of hepatitis B discrimination were analyzed, and the influencing factors of hepatitis B discrimination were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression. Results: A total of 1214 valid questionnaires were collected, with a recovery rate of 95.14% (1214/1276). Among the 5 main routes of transmission of hepatitis B, the highest awareness of blood transmission was 70.18% (852/1214), awareness of sharing toothbrushes and razors transmission was 48.76% (592/1214), awareness of mother-to-child transmission was 37.73% (458/1214), awareness of sexual transmission was 34.68% (421/1214), and awareness of contaminated medical devices transmission was 34.18% (415/1214), awareness of the 5 transmission routes was 27.92% (339/1214). 90.77% (1102/1214) of the respondents knew "whether hepatitis B is infectious or not". The overall awareness rate of hepatitis B knowledge was 21.91% (266/1214). 79.90% (970/1214) of the respondents were unwilling to fall in love/marry with hepatitis B patients. 60.96% (740/1214) of the respondents were unwilling to share meals with hepatitis B patients. The proportion of non discrimination, light and medium discrimination and severe discrimination 24.87% (302/1214), 50.91% (618/1214) and 24.22% (294/1214) respectively. There were significant differences in hepatitis B discrimination among different age, occupation, degree of education and monthly income (P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that age, occupation, education level and monthly income were all the possible influencing factors of hepatitis B discrimination. Conclusion: The awareness rate of knowledge about hepatitis B prevention and control among residents in Hongshunli community of Tianjin is low and discrimination is serious. We should strengthen the propaganda and education of knowledge about hepatitis B, and correct the discriminatory attitude towards Hepatitis B. |
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