| 王 平,李小勤,曾梦君,徐 晶,施辉波,王心强,蒋继贫.肾移植受者生活质量和健康素养现状调查及影响因素分析[J].,2019,19(21):4041-4044 |
| 肾移植受者生活质量和健康素养现状调查及影响因素分析 |
| Survey on the Quality of Life and Health Literacy of Renal Transplant Recipients and Analysis of Influencing Factors |
| 投稿时间：2019-02-25 修订日期：2019-03-21 |
| DOI：10.13241/j.cnki.pmb.2019.21.009 |
| 中文关键词: 肾移植 生活质量 健康素养 影响因素 |
| 英文关键词: Renal transplant Quality of life Health literacy Influencing factors |
| 基金项目:湖北省科技计划项目（2014CFB966） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 摘要 目的：调查肾移植受者生活质量（QOL）、健康素养（HL）现状，并分析其QOL、HL的影响因素。方法：选择我院2015年1月～2016年1月收治的369例肾移植受者为研究对象，采用自制问卷结合病历信息的方式收集入选患者的临床资料，分别采用健康状况调查简表（SF-36）、中文版成人快速健康素养评估量表（REALAM-T）对肾移植受者的QOL、HL的现状进行调查，并分析肾移植受者QOL、HL的影响因素。结果：369例肾移植受者QOL评分为（561.08±54.95）分，HL评分为（62.75±5.26）分，其中288例（78.05%）患者处于HL充足水平，56例（15.18%）患者处于HL临界水平，25例（6.78%）患者处于HL缺乏水平。单因素分析结果显示，不同婚姻状况、家庭人均月收入、文化程度、费用支付方式、移植肾来源、移植术后时间的肾移植受者QOL评分比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；不同家庭人均月收入、文化程度、费用支付方式、移植肾来源、移植术后时间的肾移植受者HL评分比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。多元线性回归分析显示，家庭人均月收入、费用支付方式、移植肾来源、移植术后时间是肾移植受者QOL的影响因素（P<0.05），文化程度、移植肾来源、移植术后时间是肾移植受者HL的影响因素（P<0.05）。结论：肾移植受者QOL较差，HL整体不高，家庭人均月收入、费用支付方式、移植肾来源、移植术后时间是肾移植受者QOL的影响因素，文化程度、移植肾来源、移植术后时间是肾移植受者HL的影响因素，临床应根据以上因素采取针对性的措施，以提高肾移植受者的QOL和HL。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| ABSTRACT Objective: To survey the quality of life (QOL) and health literacy (HL) of renal transplant recipients,and to analyze the influencing factors of QOL and HL. Methods: 369 renal transplant recipients who were admitted to our hospital from January 2015 to January 2016 were selected as subjects of study. The clinical data of selected patients were collected by self-made questionnaire combined with medical record information. The status of QOL and HL in renal transplant recipients were investigated by using medical outcomes study 36-Item short-form health survey (SF-36) and the adult rapid health literacy assessment scale(REALAM-T) respectively. The influencing factors of QOL and HL in renal transplant recipients were analyzed. Results: The QOL score of 369 renal transplant recipients was (561.08±54.95), HL score was (62.75±5.26). Among them, 288 cases (78.05%) were at HL adequacy level, 56 cases (15.18%) were at HL critical level, and 25 cases (6.78%) were at HL deficiency level. Univariate analysis showed that there were significant differences in QOL scores among renal transplant recipients with different marital status, family income per capita, education level, payment method, source of kidney transplant and time after transplantation (P<0.05). There were significant differences in HL scores among different family income per capita, education level, payment method, source of transplanted kidney and time after transplantation (P<0.05). Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that family income per capita, payment method, source of transplanted kidney and time after transplantation were the influencing factors of QOL(P<0.05). The education level, source of transplanted kidney and time after transplantation were the influencing factors of HL in renal transplant recipients(P<0.05). Conclusion: The QOL of kidney transplant recipients is poor, the overall level of HL is not high. The family income per capita, payment method, source of transplanted kidney and the time after transplantation are the influencing factors of renal transplant recipients' QOL. The education level, the source of transplanted kidney and the time after transplantation are the influencing factors of renal transplant recipients' HL. The clinical measures should be taken according to the above factors to improve the level of QOL and HL of renal transplant recipients. |
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