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目的：为构建大鼠压疮缺血- 再灌注损伤模型提供简易模型装置及有效的造模方法。方法：自制简易压疮缺血-再灌注损伤模型装置，对120 只雌性大鼠腿部近膝关节骨隆突处进行为期3 日的压疮造模，5 个循环/日，每个循环分别实现120 min 的缺血期及30 min 的再灌注期，分别于造模第1 d、2 d、3 d 及造模结束第1 d观察大鼠病灶创面的颜色、形态、水肿、结痂、渗出以及大鼠行为学状况、并于造模结束第1 d 统计存活率及成模率。结果：造模第1 d，Ⅰ期压疮100 只，Ⅱ期压疮17 只，死亡3 只；造模第2 d， Ⅰ期压疮26只，Ⅱ期压疮84只，死亡7 只；造模第3 d，Ⅰ期压疮11 只，Ⅱ期压疮95 只，死亡4 只；造模结束第1 d，Ⅰ期压疮5 只，Ⅱ期压疮101 只，死亡0 只。120 只实验大鼠，共14 只大鼠死亡，造模存活率达88.33%，Ⅱ期压疮造模成功率达84.17%。结论：本造模装置可有效制备大鼠压疮缺血- 再灌注动物模型，具有接近临床，操作简便，无需麻醉，Ⅱ期压疮成模率较高、避免铁片植入带来的皮肤负损伤等优势，这将为皮肤压疮、乃至慢性损伤组织的机制研究、修复及愈合相关研究提供重要理论和实验依据。

英文摘要:

Objective:To provide a simple model device and an effective method for the establishment of animal model of pressure ulcer in rats with ischemia reperfusion injury.Methods:We made a simple ischemia reperfusion injury model device with pressure ulcer. One hundred and twenty female rats were included in the experiment. They were given the pressure ulcer modeling process for 3 days which contained the ischemia phase and reperfusion stage. The modeling positions were those of surrounding knee joints bone protuberance in rat legs. The rats were required to achieve 120min ischemia stage and 30 min reperfusion period respectively, five cycles a day. We observed the wound color, morphology, edema, escharosis, exudation and behavioral changes in the first, second and third day of the modeling process as well as the first day after model preparation. The rates of both statistical survival and the mold forming were calculated in the first day after model preparation.Results:100 rats which belonged to I stage pressure ulcer were achieved in the first day of modeling process. The number of rats which belonged to II stage pressure ulcer was 17. Three rats died in the process. Furthermore, 84 rats which belonged to II stage pressure ulcer were achieved in the second day of modeling process. The number of rats which belonged to I stage pressure ulcer was 26. 7 rats died in the process. 95 rats which belonged to II stage pressure ulcer were achieved in the third day of modeling process. The number of rats which belonged to I stage pressure ulcer was 11. 4 rats died in the process. Finally, 101 rats which belonged to II stage pressure ulcer were achieved in the first day after modeling preparation. The number of rats which belonged to I stage pressure ulcer was 5. No rats died in the process. 14 female rats died and the survival rate of the models was 88.33% throughout the experiment. The successful model ratio of rats which belonged toⅡstage pressure ulcer was 84.17%.Conclusion:The model device can be applied in the preparation of the animal model of pressure ulcer in rats with ischemia reperfusion injury. It is close to the clinical. It does have other advantages including the simple and convenient operation and without anesthesia. More importantly, the successful model ratio of rats which belonged toⅡstage pressure ulcer is high. Meanwhile, it is significant to avoid negative skin damages caused by iron implantation. It will provide an important theoretical and experimental basis for the studies which include the mechanism of the skin pressure ulcer as well as even the related research of the chronic injury, repair and healing.

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