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目的：观察对比急性下肢动脉栓塞（AAELE）与急性血栓（AAT）的临床特征。方法：回顾性分析2013 年1 月-2015 年11 月我院75 例AAELE 或者AAT 患者的临床资料，根据造影结果分为AAELE 组53例和AAT 组22例。对比两组患者梗阻部位及发病位置，统计分析两组患者合并症和既往疾病史情况，记录患者的临床表现及缺血程度分级。结果：AAELE组在髂股动脉梗阻发生率为54.72%，显著高于AAT 组的27.27%，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。AAELE 组的房颤和既往栓塞史的比例为67.92%、 24.53%，均分别显著高于AAT组的22.73%、0.00%，伴高血压、糖尿病及吸烟史的比例为50.94%、28.30%、35.85%，均分别显著低于AAT 组的86.36%、72.73%、72.73%，差异均有统计学意义（均P＜0.05）。AAELE 组的感觉异常、运动障碍、对侧动脉搏动及缺血程度Ⅱb 级的比例为86.79%、64.15%、81.13%及54.72%，均分别显著高于AAT组的63.64%、27.27%、31.82%及27.27%，而间歇性跛行及缺血程度Ⅱa 级的比例为24.53%、33.96%，均分别显著低于AAT 组的63.64%、63.64%，差异均有统计学意义（均P＜ 0.05）。结论：AAELE 与AAT 在临床症状、梗塞部位、合并症及既往疾病史、缺血程度方面表现均具有差异，临床掌握这些差异有助于更加准确地辅助判断患者的病情症状，值得重视。

英文摘要:

Objective:To observe and compare the clinical characteristics of acute arterial embolism of lower extremity(AAELE) and acute arterial thrombosis (AAT).Methods:The clinical data of 75 patients with AAELE or AAT in our hospital January 2013 to November 2015 were retrospectively analyzed, the patients were divided into AAELE group 53 cases and AAT group 22 cases according to the angiographic results. Compared the obstruction sites and disease locations in two groups, as well as counted and analyzed their complications and disease history, and recorded the clinical manifestations and the degree of ischemia.Results:The incidence rate of iliacofemoralis arteria obstruction in AAELE group was 54.72%, which was significantly higher than 27.27% in AAT group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The incidence rates of atrial fibrillation and embolism history in AAELE group were 67.92%, 24.53%, which were significantly higher than 22.73%, 0.00% in AAT group respectively, while the incidence rates of hypertension, diabetes mellitus and smoking history were 50.94%, 28.30%, 35.85%, which were significantly lower than 86.36% , 72.73%, 72.73% in AAT group respectively, the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05). The incidence rates of abnormal sensation, dyskinesia, lateral artery pulsation and IIb degree of ischemia in AAELE group were 86.79%, 64.15%, 81.13% and 54.72%, which were significantly higher than 63.64%, 27.27%, 31.82% and 27.27% in AAT group respectively, while the incidence rates of intermittent claudication and IIa degree of ischemia were 24.53%, 33.96%, which were significantly lower than 63.64%, 63.64%in AAT group respectively, the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05).Conclusion:The differences of clinical manifestations, obstruction sites, complications and disease history and the degree of ischemia exist between AAELE and AAT, it is helpful to judge the patient's condition accurately base on grasping of those differences in clinical practice, which is worth to pay attention.

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