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目的：探讨胎儿重复肾畸形的超声诊断的图像特征及误诊原因。方法：回顾分析我院30 例经产前超声诊断为重复肾胎儿的超声图像及其临床资料。结果：30 例重复肾胎儿中，出生后经手术或临床证实或终止妊娠后经解剖证实的共有27例，出生后经复查双肾正常的胎儿共有3 例。27例重复肾胎儿中，单侧、双侧重复肾分别占22、5 例，共32 侧重复肾，其中合并输尿管扩张、合并输尿管囊肿的分别占14、4 侧；合并其他系统气管畸形的胎儿共6 侧，其中染色体三体综合征的有4 例；出现4 例误诊；胎儿重复肾声像图特征：①呈囊肿样改变肾上极占4 侧，类圆形无回声区，壁较薄、光滑，与输尿管相通；②肾窦区可见两个不相通的肾盂，分离肾盂占11 侧，未与输尿管相通；③肾窦区可见两个不相通肾盂，分离肾盂占14 侧，上肾盂或下肾盂相连于输尿管；④ 3侧肾窦区见两个不分离的肾盂，肾脏形态拉长，未与输尿管相通。结论：胎儿重复肾的超声声像图特征主要为两个不相通的肾盂；加强在胎儿中晚孕期时做常规多切面扫查，有利于提高对重复肾胎儿的确诊精确率，为临床评估胎儿提供借鉴。

英文摘要:

Objective:To investigate the Ultrasonic diagnosis and misdiagnosis reasons of fetal duplication of kidney.Methods:We made a retrospective analysis on the ultrasound images and clinical data of 30 cases of duplicated kidney fetus after antenatal sonographic diagnosis.Results:In 30 cases of fetus renal duplication, there were 27 cases confirmed by surgery or clinic after birth, and there were 3 cases with normal double kidney after birth checking. In the 27 cases of kidney duplication fetus, there were 22 cases of unilateral duplication of kidney and 5 cases of bilateral duplication, totally 32 side repeated kidney. Among them, 14 sides were combined with ureteral dilatation and 4 sides were combined with ureteral cyst. A total of 6 sides had combination of other systematic tracheal malformations, of which 4 cases had chromosome three body syndrome. Four cases were misdiagnosed. The ultrasonographic features of fetal kidney were as follow. ① Four sides of upper pole of kidney had Cyst like changes, no echo in Circular area, with thin and smooth wall, communicating with ureter; ② There were two non-communicating renal pelvis in the renal sinus. Separation of the renal pelvis occurred in 11 sides, no communicating with ureter; ③ There were two non-communicating renal pelvis in the renal sinus. Separation of the renal pelvis occurred in 14 sides, and the upper renal pelvis or the lower renal pelvis was connected to the ureter. ④ Three sides of the renal sinus had two non-isolated renal pelvis, elongated kidney morphology, not communicated with the ureter.Conclusion:The major sonographic characteristics of fetal renal duplication is two non-interlinked renal pelvis; conventional multi section scanning in the fetus in late pregnancy is helpful to improve the diagnosis of fetal renal duplication, and to provide reference for clinic.

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