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目的：探讨胚胎型大脑后动脉（Fetal origin of the posterior cerebral artery, FTP）与脑白质病之间的关系。方法：收集2013 年1 月~2014 年6 月在我院住院患者共485 例，所有患者均行头颅磁共振平扫及血管成像，观察脑白质病变、急性脑梗死及FTP 存在与否，并分为观察组（脑白质病组）和对照组（无脑白质病组），比较FTP的发生率。结果：观察组和对照组分别为232 例和253 例，观察组共发现53 例FTP患者（左侧、右侧、双侧FTP 分别为15 例、19 例、19 例），FTP 总发生率为22.8 %，左侧、右侧、双侧FTP 发生率分别为6.5 %、8.2 %、8.2 %；对照组98 例FTP 患者（左侧、右侧、双侧FTP 分别为26 例、44 例、28 例），FTP 总发生率为 38.7 %，左侧、右侧、双侧FTP 发生率分别为10.3 %、17.4 %、11.1 %，观察组FTP 总发生率及右侧FTP 发生率明显低于对照组（P<0.001 和P<0.01)。232 例观察组中急性脑梗死患者共156 例，无急性脑梗死患者76 例，其中急性脑梗死组有28 例FTP 患者（左侧、右侧、双侧FTP 分别为7 例、15 例、6 例），FTP总发生率及左侧、右侧、双侧FTP 发生率分别为17.9 %、4.5 %、9.6 %、3.8 %；而无急性脑梗死的患者中，有24 例FTP 患者（左侧、右侧、双侧FTP 分别为8 例、4 例、12 例），FTP 总发生率及左侧、右侧、双侧 FTP 发生率分别为31.6 %、10.5 %、5.3 %、15.8 %，观察组FTP 总发生率及双侧FTP 发生率明显低于对照组（P<0.05和P<0.01)。结论：FTP的存在可能一定程度上降低脑白质病甚至脑梗死的发生。

英文摘要:

Objective:To explore the relationship between fetal origin of the posterior cerebral artery (FTP) and cerebral white matter lesion.Methods:A total of 485 hospitalized patients were recruited in our hospital from 2014 January to 2015 June. All patients underwent brain magnetic resonance imaging scan and angiography. Cerebral white matter lesion, acute cerebral infarction and FTP were observed. All patients were randomly divided into observation group with white matter lesion and control group without white matter lesion. The incidence of FTP was compared.Results:The observation group and control group included 232 and 253 cases, respectively. Fifty-three patients with FTP were detected in observation group (15 cases, 19 cases, 19 cases with left, right and bilateral FTP, respectively). The incidence of total FTP was 22.8 %. The incidence of left, right and bilateral FTP was 6.5 %, 8.2%and 8.2 %, respectively. In contrast, there were 98 FTP patients in control group (26 cases, 44 cases, 28 cases with left, right and bilateral FTP, respectively). The incidence of total FTP was 38.7 %. The incidence of left, right and bilateral FTP was 10.3 %, 17.4 % and 11.1 %, respectively. The incidence of total and right FTP in observation group was much lower than that in control group (P<0.001 and P<0.01). In our results, there were 156 and 76 cases with and without acute cerebral infarction, respectively, in observation group with 232 patients. Twenty-eight FTP cases were found in patients with cerebral infarction (7 cases, 15 cases, 6 cases with left, right and bilateral FTP, respectively). The incidence of total, left, right and bilateral FTP was 17.9 %, 4.5 %, 9.6 %and 3.8 %, respectively. There were 24 FTP cases without cerebral infarction (8 cases, 4 cases, 12 cases with left, right and bilateral FTP, respectively). The incidence of total, left, right and bilateral FTP was 31.6 %, 10.5 %, 5.3 % and 15.8 %. There was significant reduction in the incidence of total and bilateral FTP in observation group compared with control group (P<0.05 and P<0.01).Conclusion:FTP might reduce the occurrence of white matter lesion and even cerebral infarction.

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