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目的：观察住院糖尿病患者中甲状腺结节的患病率，探讨二者间潜在的关系。方法：于2008 年8 月~2011 年12 月间对上海交通大学附属第一人民医院南院因糖尿病收治入院的全部患者进行甲状腺相关病史收集、血清甲状腺激素检测及超声波检查，以筛查甲状腺结节。结果：在收治的660 例糖尿病患者中，住院期间发现并诊断合并有甲状腺结节患者为221 例，患病率为 33.5%。进一步分析糖尿病患者临床特征与甲状腺结节关系，男性为29.8 %，女性为38.4 %，明显高于男性患者，二者相比差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；糖尿病患者甲状腺结节患病率有随年龄增长而升高的趋势，与≤30 岁年龄组相比，年龄51 岁~70 岁组及≥70 岁组结节患病率均明显升高，差异有统计学意义（41.1 %, 37.6 % 15.4 %，均P＜0.05）；1 型糖尿病患者甲状腺结节患病率为24.1%，2 型糖尿病中为35.3%，高于1 型糖尿病，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；糖尿病患者中，不同体重指数、病程、治疗方法组中甲状腺结节患病率相互比较均无明显差异性（均P＞0.05）。结论：住院糖尿病患者中甲状腺结节患病率较高，尤其是女性、较大年龄及2 型糖尿病患者更为突出，临床上有必要对这些患者进行甲状腺结节的筛查。

英文摘要:

Objective: To investigate the prevalence of thyroid nodules in hospitalized patients with diabetes, and evaluate the relationship between diabetes and thyroid nodules. Methods: Diabetic patients who visited south hospital of shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated First People's Hospital between August 2008 and December 2011 were chosen for thyroid nodules by collecting the medical history about thyroid , determining the serum thyroid hormone and ultrasound. Results: A total of 660 diabetic patients were screened, 33.5% (221/660) of them were identified to suffer from thyroid nodules. Through analyzing the relationship between clinical features of diabetic patients and thyroid nodules, the prevalence rate of thyroid nodules was 29.8 % in male patients, and 38.4 % in female patients , which was more common in female than in male（P<0.05）. The prevalence rate of thyroid nodules increased with age, compared with the patients who were under 30 years of age, the prevalence rate of thyroid nodules was significantly higher in the diabetic patients aged between 50 and 70 years, and over 71 years (41.1 %, 37.6 % 15.4 %, all P<0.05). The prevalence rate of thyroid nodules was higher in the type 2 diabetic patients than the type 1 diabetic patients (35.3 % 24.1 %, P<0.05). The prevalence rate of thyroid nodules had no significant difference among the BMI, duration of disease, treatment, in diabetic patients (all P>0.05). Conclusions: The prevalence of thyroid nodules in hospitalization of diabetic patients is high, thyroid nodules should be screened, especially in the female diabetic patients, elder diabetic patients or the type 2 diabetes patients.

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