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目的：通过对门静脉高压脾功能亢进大鼠药物诱导肝癌过程中进行脾脏切除，探讨门静脉高压脾功能亢进对大鼠肝癌发生率的影响。方法：将雌雄SD 大鼠性别内分别分为对照组、脾亢组、脾亢切脾组，脾功能亢进大鼠模型采用门静脉缩窄术联合脾静脉结扎术进行制备，各组均予以DEN（二乙基亚硝胺）腹腔注射，按体重20mg/kg 给药，每周3 次，12 周停药，14 周处死。其中，脾亢脾切除组于给药第四周进行脾切除术，手术恢复期间持续给药。观察各组实验动物的肝脏大体变化及病理改变，计算成瘤率。结果：实际成瘤率显示脾亢组较对照组明显升高，而雄性脾亢切脾组的成瘤率较脾亢组有所降低。雌性脾亢切脾组成瘤率同脾亢组差异不明显。结论：门静脉高压脾功能亢进状态下进行脾切除，对于雄性能减低肝癌发生的风险，对于雌性的意义不大，给临床实际工作提供了新的思路。

英文摘要:

Objective: Through the way of portal hypertension and hypersplenism splenectomy during the drug-induced liver cancer in rats, in order to investigate portal hypertension and hypersplenism on the incidence of liver cancer in rats. Methods: Male and female SD rats were divided into control group within gender, hypersplenism group, hypersplenism splenectomy group, hypersplenism in rats using portal vein narrowing of the splenic vein ligation surgery for joint preparation, each group is given DEN (diethylnitrosamine) by intraperitoneal injection, dosage is 20mg/kg, three times a week, stop the drug in 12 weeks, kill all the rats in 14 weeks. Among them, splenectomy is in the forth week of drug treatment of hypersplenism splenectomized group, drug is given during the surgery recovery. Observed in each group of the size of the liver and pathological changes of the liver in general, calculate the rate of tumor. Results: The actual rate of tumor shows hypersplenism group was significantly higher than the control group, while the tumor rate of males hypersplenism splenectomy group is lower than the hypersplenism group. Female hypersplenism splenectomy group composed of tumor rates with hypersplenism was not significantly different. Conclusion: Portal hypertension and hypersplenism state with splenectomy can reduce the risk of liver cancer in the male group, but the female group is not very meaningful, provides a new way of thinking to clinical practice.

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