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目的：检测葡萄糖调节蛋白78 ( glucose-regulated proteins 78, GRP78)在同一食管癌患者食管的鳞状细胞癌、不典型增生及正常鳞状上皮组织中的表达,研究GRP78 与食管鳞状细胞癌发生发展的关系。方法：取90 例食管鳞状细胞癌患者的病变组织,其病理切片中正常鳞状上皮组织、不典型增生组织和鳞状细胞癌组织均存在,用免疫组化的方法,检测GRP78 在3 种不同组织中表达的情况,分析GRP78 与性别、年龄、浸润深度、分化程度、分期及淋巴结转移等参数之间的关系。结果：GRP78 在食管正常鳞状上皮组织、不典型增生组织、鳞状细胞癌组织中的阳性表达率分别为7.8%、85.6%、47.8% , GRP78 在正常食管组织、不典型增生组织、食管鳞癌组织3 组中表达的差异有显著性意义(P<0.01)。鳞状细胞癌组织中GRP78 表达阴性者,年龄较阳性者大；GRP78 表达与肿瘤分化程度、分期、淋巴结转移等有明显相关性。结论：GRP78 在食管正常细胞向恶性细胞转化的过程中可能扮演了重要角色，检测GRP78 的表达可能有助于对食管鳞状细胞癌的预防及早期诊断。

英文摘要:

Objective: To investigate the expression of glucose regulated protein 78 (GRP78) in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, atypical hyperplasia, and normal esophageal squamous epithelial tissue, and the role of GRP78 in the development of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Methods: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, atypical hyperplasia, and normal esophageal squamous epithelial tissues from 90 patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma were employed in the study. The expressions of GRP78 in different tissues were detected using immunohistochemistry analysis. In addition, the relationships between GRP78 expression and gender, age, differentiation, invasion, disease stage, and lymphoid node metabasis were analyzed. Results: The positive ratio of GRP78 expression in normal esophageal squamous epithelial tissue, atypical hyperplasia, and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma were 0%, 85.6% , and 47.8%. The GRP78 expressions in different tissues were significantly different (p<0.01). Negative GRP78 expression was more often found in older patients. GRP78 expression was positively correlated with differentiation, disease stage and lymphoid node metabasis . Conclusion: GRP78 may play an important role in the transition of normal esophageal squamous cells to malignant cells. To determine the expression of GRP78 may be helpful for the prevention and early diagnosis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

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