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目的：利用基因芯片技术研究伊犁地区汉、维两个民族乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）耐药基因的差异性。方法：收集2014 年1 月 -2015 年12月我院收治的汉族及维吾尔族（以下简称" 维族"）慢性HBV 感染患者各50 例，患者均经基因芯片技术筛选确诊存在天然HBV 耐药基因（耐核苷酸类药物），观察HBV耐药基因分型特点及对核苷酸类药物的耐药突变位点的情况。结果：汉族 HBV 感染患者的耐药基因型集中于B、C 型，且以C 型为主，而维族以D 型为主，两组各基因型比较，差异均有统计学意义（P<0. 05）。汉族患者在rt204 位点变异明显，而维族在rtn236t、rta181v/t+rtn236t位点变异明显，差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论：在新疆伊犁地区天然HBV 病毒耐药基因患者中，汉族及维族耐药基因分型及耐药基因突变位点均存在显著差异，临床可通过基因芯片技术筛选变异靶点，选择合适的敏感药物。

英文摘要:

Objective:Using gene chip technology to study the differences of hepatitis B virus(HBV) drug resistance gene between Han and Uygur patients in Ili Prefecture.Methods:Selected 50 cases of Han patients and 50 cases of Uygur patients who with chronic HBV infection treated in our hospital from January 2014 to December 2015, they were diagnosed with natural HBV drug resistance gene (anti Nucleotide drugs)by gene chip technology, then observed the characteristics of HBV drug resistance genotypes, and the status of drug resistant mutations sites to Nucleotide drugs.Results:The HBV drug resistance genotypes of Han patients were focus on B-type and C-type, and the C-type was the predominant genotype, while D-type was the most genotype in Uygur patients, the differences of each genotype in two groups was statistically significant (P<0.05). Han patients was mutated significantly at rt204 site, while the Uighur patients was mutated significantly at rtn236t and rta181v/t+rtn236t sites.Conclusion:The HBV drug resistance genotypes and mutations sites are significantly different between Han and Uygur patients with natural HBV drug resistance gene in Ili Prefecture of Xinjiang,we can screen the the mutation targets through the gene chip technology and select the appropriate sensitive drug.

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