| 黄珺 高永胤 尹涵 赵淑华 李燕.阿片类药物滴定法治疗癌痛的疗效及不良反应分析[J].,2016,16(20):3866-3868 |
| 阿片类药物滴定法治疗癌痛的疗效及不良反应分析 |
| Efficacy of Opioid Titration in Treatment of Cancer Pain and Its Adverse Reaction Analysis |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 阿片类药物 癌痛 疗效 不良反应 |
| 英文关键词: Opioids Cancer pain Efficacy Adverse effects |
| 基金项目: |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的：探讨阿片类药物滴定法治疗癌痛的疗效及不良反应分析，为临床治疗提供依据。方法：采用回顾性分析选择2012 年1
月~2015 年12 月我院收治的肿瘤患者共110 例，采用数字评定量表（NRS）和面部表情疼痛分级量表（FRS）进行疼痛评价，采用
滴定法从小剂量开始给药，并记录患者的疼痛状况和不良反应发生状况。结果：患者总用药时间为28~170 d，平均用药时间
（45.7± 19.4）d，中位时间为48 d。阿片类药物使用剂量（换算成吗啡剂量计算）40~500 mg，中位剂量74 mg。110 例患者中有101
例（91.82%）达到中度以上缓解。发生不良反应63（57.27%）例，消化道副反应为最常见的不良反应，主要有便秘48 例（43.64%）例
和恶心呕吐25 例（22.73%）、其次依次为嗜睡15 例（13.64%）、头晕9 例（8.18%）、排尿困难5 例（4.55%）、皮肤瘙痒3 例（2.73%）和
呼吸抑制2 例（1.82%）。结论：阿片类药物能够有效缓解癌症患者的中重度癌痛，其主要不良反应是便秘和恶心呕吐。应合理、安
全的使用阿片类药物，从小剂量开始，规范剂量滴定。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective:To explore the efficacy of opioid titration in treatment of cancer pain and its adverse reaction.Methods:A
total of 110 tumor patients,who were treated in National Drug Clinical Trial Institution of Cancer Hospital of Peking University&Beijing
Institute of Cancer Prevention and Control from January 2012 to December 2015, were selected and their pains were evaluated by
numeric rating scale (NRS) and face rating scale (FRS). The patients were given small dose of medicine by titration method, The pain
status and adverse reactions of the patients were recorded.Results:The treatment duration for patients was 28~170 d, the average
treatment duration was (45.7± 19.4)d and the median time was 48d. The dosage of Opioid (equivalent to morphine dose) was 40~500
mg, and the median dosage was 74 mg. Among the 110 patients, there were 101 patients (91.82%) were moderate or more relief, 63
patients (57.27%) had adverse reactions, in which, side reactions of digestive tract were the most common adverse reactions: mainly 48
cases of constipation(43.64%), 25 cases of nausea and vomiting (22.73%), 15 cases of drowsiness(13.64%), 9 cases of dizziness(8.18%),
5 cases of dysuria (4.55%), 3 cases of pruritus (2.73%) and 2 cases of respiratory depression (1.82%).Conclusion:Opioids can
effectively relieve moderate and severe cancer pain of the patients and its main adverse reactions are constipation, nausea and vomiting,
which should be used reasonably and safely, starting from small dosage and in standard dose titration. |
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