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颈椎病是指因颈椎间盘退行性变及其继发改变所导致的脊髓、神经、血管等结构受压而表现出的一系列临床症状和体征，根据发病机制可分为神经根型、脊髓型、椎动脉型、交感型、混合型，以及近年来受到重视的脊髓前动脉受压症等，脊髓型颈椎病是其中一种严重类型，保守治疗效果不佳，目前临床上常用的治疗方法为手术治疗。根据患者病情手术的入路可分为前路和后路，本文分别从手术的前后入路出发，对近年来脊髓型颈椎病手术治疗方式的进展作一综述。

英文摘要:

Cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) secondary to degenerative spinal changes causing canal stenosis and spinal cord compression are causes of myelopathy that often require surgical decompression either through multilevel anterior cervical discectomies/ corpectomies or laminectomy/ laminoplasty. Surgical approaches, either anterior or posterior, aim to widen the cervical canal and generally result in a good outcome. Patients are classically managed with anterior decompression at multiple disc spaces, multilevel corpectomy, laminectomy with or without fusion, laminoplasty, and finally multilevel oblique corpectomy. Discectomy and central corpectomy with grafting have been widely used through the anterior approach with or without anterior plating. From the posterior route, a cervical laminectomy with or without lateral mass screws/ rods and laminoplasty are popular procedures among some spine surgeons. The choice between an anterior or posterior route depends on the location, extent and type of the compressive pathology, curvature of the spine, and presence of instability. In patients with more than 3 affected levels, the techniques most frequently used are the anterior multiple corpectomy with autologous bone graft placement or the posterior route (laminectomy or open door laminoplasty). However, the best choice of surgical approach is still controversial. The aim of this review was to investigate the progress of operational treatment in cervical spondylosis myelopathy.

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