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目的：研究急性髓系白血病免疫表型特征以及遗传学特征。方法：选取2011 年1 月到2014 年5 月我院收治的急性髓系白血病患者169 例，采用流式细胞术和相关的单克隆抗体来分析所有患者的骨髓免疫表型，采用染G 染色体显带技术分析患者的核型，根据淋系抗原（lymAg）的表达将患者分为lymAg+组和lymAg- 组。结果：抗原CD13、CD33、CD117 以及MPO 等髓系抗原最常在急性髓系白血病患者中表达，其中CD117 在M3 型病例中表达为85.7%（24/28），而CD34、HLA-DR双阴性、较强的自发荧光、CD13、CD33 和MPO 对M3型的诊断也具有一定的价值；其中47.9%（81/169）的患者伴随着淋系抗原表达，以CD7 和 CD56 为主；60.4%（102/169）的患者伴随着核型异常；而伴随着t（8：21）的M2 患者中的CD15、CD19 和CD56 的表达显著增强，而t（15:17）均发生于M3 型患者中；而lymAg+ 组患者CD34 的阳性患者为77.8%（63/81）显著高于lymAg- 组的47.7%（42/88），两组比较差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论：免疫表型对急性髓系白血病的诊断具有重要的意义，且免疫表型和异常核型存在密切的联系。

英文摘要:

Objective:To study the immunophenotype and genetic characteristics of acute myeloid leukemia.Methods:169 cases of patients with acute myeloid leukemia from January 2011 to May 2014 in our hospital were selected, the bone marrow immunophenotype was analyzede by flow cytometry and associated monoclonal antibodies and the patient's karyotype was analyzed by staining of G chromosome banding technique,the patients were divided into the lymAg+ group and lymAg- group according to lymphoid antigen (lymAg) expression.Results:The antigen CD13, CD33, CD117 and MPO myeloid antigen were always expressed in patients with acute myeloid leukemia, the expression of CD117 in type M3 was 85.7% (24/28),while double negative expression of CD34 and HLA-DR, strong autofluorescence, expression of CD13, CD33 or MPO all had a certain value in the diagnosis of M3; 47.9%(81/169) of patients were lymphoid antigen positive, especially positive in CD7 and CD56; 60.4% (102/169) of patients were with abnormal karyotype; CD15, CD19 and CD56 increased significantly in M2 patients witht (8:21) expression, whilet (15:17) occurred in the type M3 patients; D34 positive patients accounted for 77.8% (63/81) in lymAg+ group, significantly higher than 47.7% (42/88) of the lymAggroup (P<0.05).Conclusion:The immune phenotype play an important role in the diagnosis of acute myeloid leukemia,the immunophenotype has a close relationship with abnormal karyotype.

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