赵丽佳 岳子勇 △ 公维东 胡丽娟 于永婧.右美托咪定的临床麻醉应用进展[J].,2015,15(6):1178-1181 |
右美托咪定的临床麻醉应用进展 |
Advance In Clinical Use Of Dexmedetomidine In Anesthesiology |
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DOI: |
中文关键词: 右美托咪定 alpha2- 肾上腺素受体 麻醉 镇静 |
英文关键词: Dexmedetomidine alpha2-adrenoreceptor agonist anesthesia sedation |
基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目( 30772085) |
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中文摘要: |
右美托咪定(dexmedetomidine, Dex)是高选择性 alpha2- 肾上腺素受体激动剂, 具有镇静、镇痛 、抑制交感神经活性、无呼吸抑制等药理性质。 多 项研究证实: 围术期或 ICUs 住院期间给予患者右美托咪定, 可以增加患者机械通气耐受力, 减少机械通气时间 ,
改善患者病情恢复, 减少呼吸抑制 , 稳定血流动力学, 减少麻醉剂 用 量及降低麻醉剂不良反应发生率, 抑制 应激反应, 保护肺脏、
神经功能、心脏功能,降低谵妄发生率,抗寒颤等作用 特点。 虽 然右美托咪定存在心动过缓及低血压等不良反应, 故应控制给药速
度、剂量,合理用 药在以便循环波动可控范围 内 。 目 前, 右美托咪定可用 于重症监护病房( ICUs)、全身麻醉、区域麻醉、小儿麻醉、
日 间手术及无痛检查等辅助用 药。 本文主要对右美托咪定的临床麻醉应用 做以下介绍。 |
英文摘要: |
Dexmedetomidine (Dex) is a highly selective alpha2-adrenoreceptor agonist. Dexmedetomidine provides sedation,
analgesia, sympatholysis, non-respiratory depression and other beneficial pharmacological propertiea. Increasing tolerance of mechanical
ventilation, reducing duration of mechanical ventilation, improving patients recovery, reducing respiratory depression, sabilizing
hemodynamics, reducing demands of sedatives and incidence of adverse reactions, inhibiting stress reaction, protecting lung、neurological
function and cardiac function, reducing drlirium, anti-shivering was proved in many studys of dexmedetomidine given during
perioperative period and ICUs stay. Olthough bradycardia and hypotension can be observed in patients given dexmedetomidine, adverse
reactions can be controlled when dexmedetomidine is dominated with optimal dose and rate. Recently, dexmedetomidine can be used in
the intensive care units (ICUs), general anesthesia, regional anesthesia, pediatric anesthesia, out-patient surgery and noninvasive
technique. This review aims to present and discuss clinical use of dexmedetomidine. |
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